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This is a list of chess openings that are gambits. The gambits are organized into sections by the parent chess opening, giving the gambit name, ECO code, and defining moves in algebraic chess notation .
Gambits are described as being "offered" to an opponent, and that offer is then said to be either "accepted" or "declined". In modern chess, the typical response to a moderately sound gambit is to accept the material and give the material back at an advantageous time.
The Queen's Gambit is the chess opening that starts with the moves: [1]. 1. d4 d5 2. c4. It is one of the oldest openings and is still commonly played today. It is traditionally described as a gambit because White appears to sacrifice the c-pawn; however, this could be considered a misnomer as Black cannot retain the pawn without incurring a disadvantage.
Calabrese Countergambit of the Bishop's Opening – 1.e4 e5 2.Bc4 f5; Cambridge Gambit of the Alekhine's Defence – 1.e4 Nf6 2.e5 Nd5 3.d4 d6 4.c4 Nb6 5.f4 g5; Cambridge Springs Variation of the Queen's Gambit Declined – 1.d4 d5 2.c4 e6 3.Nc3 Nf6 4.Bg5 Nbd7 5.Nf3 c6 6.e3 Qa5
Most openings described as "Gambits" are played by White (e.g., King's Gambit), but a few are played by Black (e.g., Latvian Gambit). The terms "Accepted" or "Declined" may be appended to the name, depending on whether the opponent takes the offered material, as in the Queen's Gambit Accepted and Queen's Gambit Declined .
The King's Gambit is a chess opening that begins with the moves: . 1. e4 e5 2. f4. White offers a pawn to divert the black e-pawn. If Black accepts the gambit, White may play d4 and Bxf4, regaining the gambit pawn with central domination, or direct their forces against the weak square f7 with moves such as Nf3, Bc4, 0-0, and g3.
The Marshall Attack (also called the Marshall Gambit) is a chess opening characterised by the moves: . 1. e4 e5 2. Nf3 Nc6 3. Bb5 a6 4. Ba4 Nf6 5. O-O Be7 6. Re1 b5 7. Bb3 O-O 8. c3 d5. The Marshall Attack is an aggressive line in the Ruy Lopez, where Black sacrifices a pawn by playing d5 to gain initiative and a kingside attack.
The Wing Gambit can also be played against the French defense, although this is largely refuted at a grandmaster level.One line, as popularised by Gotham Chess [2], goes 1.e4 e6 2.Nf3 d5 3.e5 c5 4.b4, and black often takes cxb4 followed by a3 with a further gambit of a pawn in exchange for quick development of the minor pieces, and/or d4 and c3 to solidify the center.