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Hydrogen cyanide (formerly known as prussic acid) is a chemical compound with the formula HCN and structural formula H−C≡N.It is a highly toxic and flammable liquid that boils slightly above room temperature, at 25.6 °C (78.1 °F).
Removal of cyanide from cassava in Nigeria.. Cyanides are produced by certain bacteria, fungi, and algae.It is an antifeedant in a number of plants. Cyanides are found in substantial amounts in certain seeds and fruit stones, e.g., those of bitter almonds, apricots, apples, and peaches. [5]
HCN4 is the main isoform expressed in the sinoatrial node, but low levels of HCN1 and HCN2 have also been reported.The current through HCN channels, called the pacemaker current (I f), plays a key role in the generation and modulation of cardiac rhythmicity, [13] as they are responsible for the spontaneous depolarization in pacemaker action potentials in the heart.
The pacemaker current (I f, or I Kf, also called funny current) is an electric current in the heart that flows through the HCN channel or pacemaker channel. Such channels are important parts of the electrical conduction system of the heart and form a component of the natural pacemaker.
The reaction proceeds via the oxidative addition of HCN to a low-valent metal complex to give a hydrido cyanide complex. Subsequent binding of the alkene gives the intermediate M(H)(CN)L n (alkene), which then undergoes migratory insertion to give an alkylmetal cyanide. The cycle is completed by the reductive elimination of the nitrile.
Potassium cyanide is a compound with the formula KCN.It is a colorless salt, similar in appearance to sugar, that is highly soluble in water. Most KCN is used in gold mining, organic synthesis, and electroplating.
Thiocyanic acid is a chemical compound with the formula H S C N and structure H−S−C≡N, which exists as a tautomer with isothiocyanic acid (H−N=C=S). [8] The isothiocyanic acid tautomer tends to dominate with the compound being about 95% isothiocyanic acid in the vapor phase.
The reaction can be simplified by replacing the HCN/AlCl 3 combination with zinc cyanide. [4] Although it is also highly toxic, Zn(CN) 2 is a solid, making it safer to work with than gaseous HCN. [5] The Zn(CN) 2 reacts with the HCl to form the key HCN reactant and Zn(Cl) 2 that serves as the Lewis-acid catalyst in-situ.