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For video transfers, transferring a "soft matte" film to a home video format with the full frame exposed, thus removing the mattes at the top and bottom, is referred to as an "open matte transfer." In contrast, transferring a "hard matte" film to a home video format with the theatrical mattes intact is referred to as a "closed matte transfer."
Open matte is a filming technique that involves matting out the top and bottom of the film frame in the movie projector (known as a soft matte) for the widescreen theatrical release and then scanning the film without a matte (at Academy ratio) for a full screen home video release. It is roughly equivalent to an uncropped version of the film.
The Williams process relies on the properties of film. Firstly, the actors were filmed in front of a black background—although white or blue backgrounds were used later—and that was printed on high contrast film several times until a copy known as the holdout matte was achieved, which showed the black silhouette of the actors over a completely white background.
The matte can serve as a binary mask, defining which of the image parts are visible. In a more complicated case it enables smooth blending of the images, the alpha matte is used as the transparency map of the top image. Film production has known alpha matting since the very creation of filmmaking. The mattes were drawn by hand.
The term "decal" refers to the mass-produced art transfer in two different states: 1. As manufactured, which consists of the artwork printed on the upper side of a paper or film label stock, temporarily affixed by a typically water or heat soluble adhesive to the upper side of a silicone- or other release agent-coated paper or film backing stock.
A notch code is a set of notches or recesses cut into the edge of a piece of sheet film to provide a tactile way to identify the film brand, type, and processing chemistry (e.g. black and white, color negative, or color reversal) in the dark. It enables photographers to identify the emulsion side of the film when loading sheet film holders, and ...
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