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An extensional definition gives meaning to a term by specifying its extension, that is, every object that falls under the definition of the term in question.. For example, an extensional definition of the term "nation of the world" might be given by listing all of the nations of the world, or by giving some other means of recognizing the members of the corresponding class.
Intensional logic is an approach to predicate logic that extends first-order logic, which has quantifiers that range over the individuals of a universe , by additional quantifiers that range over terms that may have such individuals as their value .
An extensional statement is a non-intensional statement. Substitution of co-extensive expressions into it always preserves logical value. A language is intensional if it contains intensional statements, and extensional otherwise. All natural languages are intensional. [3]
Intensional definitions vs extensional definitions Main articles: Intension and Extension (semantics) An intensional definition , also called a connotative definition, specifies the necessary and sufficient conditions for a thing to be a member of a specific set . [ 3 ]
Type-theoretical foundations of mathematics are generally not extensional in this sense, and setoids are commonly used to maintain a difference between intensional equality and a more general equivalence relation (which generally has poor constructibility or decidability properties).
See also extensionality, and also intensional definition versus extensional definition; Intensional logic embraces the study of intensional languages: at least one of their functors is intensional. It can be contrasted to extensional logic; Intensional fallacy, committed when one makes an illicit use of Leibniz's law in an argument; See also ...
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In any of several fields of study that treat the use of signs — for example, in linguistics, logic, mathematics, semantics, semiotics, and philosophy of language — the extension of a concept, idea, or sign consists of the things to which it applies, in contrast with its comprehension or intension, which consists very roughly of the ideas, properties, or corresponding signs that are implied ...