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  2. GIS file format - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GIS_file_format

    This was most common from the 1970s through the early 1990s, because GIS software developers had to invent their own geometry data structures, but incorporated existing relational database file formats for the attributes. For example, the Esri Shapefile format includes the .dbf file from the DOS dBase software.

  3. Comparison of GIS vector file formats - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_GIS_vector...

    Legacy ArcGIS Workstation / ArcInfo format with reduced support in ArcGIS Desktop lineup. (by ESRI) Geography Markup Language (GML) – XML based open standard for GIS data exchange (by Open Geospatial Consortium) Simple Features – specification for vector data storage (by Open Geospatial Consortium) that can be used in a GML container

  4. Shapefile - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shapefile

    The shapefile format is a digital vector storage format for storing geographic location and associated attribute information. This format lacks the capacity to store topological information. The shapefile format was introduced with ArcView GIS version 2 in the early 1990s. It is now possible to read and write geographical datasets using the ...

  5. Geographic coordinate conversion - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Geographic_coordinate...

    Conversion of coordinates and map positions among different map projections reference to the same datum may be accomplished either through direct translation formulas from one projection to another, or by first converting from a projection to an intermediate coordinate system, such as ECEF, then converting from ECEF to projection . The formulas ...

  6. Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Topologically_Integrated...

    TIGER logo. Topologically Integrated Geographic Encoding and Referencing, or TIGER, or TIGER/Line is a format used by the United States Census Bureau to describe physical and cultural features such as roads, highways, city limits, rivers, and lakes, as well as areas such as census tracts.

  7. gvSIG - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GvSIG

    gvSIG, geographic information system (GIS), is a desktop application designed for capturing, storing, handling, analyzing and deploying any kind of referenced geographic information in order to solve complex management and planning problems. gvSIG is known for having a user-friendly interface, being able to access the most common formats, both vector and raster ones.

  8. Data model (GIS) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_model_(GIS)

    Some GIS software, such as ArcGIS Pro, natively supports this model, with functionality including animation. Time-stamped boundaries, using the topological vector data model to decompose polygons into boundary segments, and stamping each segment by the time during which it was valid. This method was pioneered by the Great Britain Historical GIS.

  9. DGN - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DGN

    DGN (design) is the name used for CAD file formats supported by Bentley Systems, MicroStation and Intergraph's Interactive Graphics Design System (IGDS) CAD programs. [1] The DGN format is used in construction projects, including buildings, highways, bridges, process plants, shipbuilding. DGN is a competing format to Autodesk's DWG. [1]