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An excessively large carryover may be considered a surplus, and may cause prices to fall. [3] carton 1. A container used for fruit or other produce leaving a packinghouse. [2] 2. A unit of mass or volume representing a standardized size of these containers, equal to 425 pounds (193 kilograms) or 4 ⁄ 5 US bushel (6.4 US dry gallons ...
The damage on the metal sheet or characteristic pattern illustrates an "uneven surface," a change in the sheet material's plastic behavior and involves a larger deformed volume compared to mere flattening of the surface oxides. Galling is a form of wear caused by adhesion between sliding surfaces.
The surface-area-to-volume ratio has physical dimension inverse length (L −1) and is therefore expressed in units of inverse metre (m −1) or its prefixed unit multiples and submultiples. As an example, a cube with sides of length 1 cm will have a surface area of 6 cm 2 and a volume of 1 cm 3. The surface to volume ratio for this cube is thus
The totality of water in the solid phase on the Earth's surface, including glaciers; sea, lake, and river ice; snow; and permafrost. The cryosphere is sometimes considered a subset of the hydrosphere. [3] cryoturbation. Also frost churning. The mixing of materials from various horizons of the soil down to the bedrock due to freezing and thawing ...
Surface of an organ facing away from the organ's axis, e.g. the lower surface of a lateral organ such as a leaf or petal. [2] Contrast adaxial. abort To abandon development of a structure or organ. [3] abscission Natural shedding of an organ that is mature or aged, as of a ripe fruit or an old leaf. [4] abscission zone
Merchantable volume as a proportion of total volume increases with age, and is greater at wider than at closer spacings. Current annual volume increment culminates sooner at closer than at wider spacings. A smaller espacement trial, begun in 1951 near Thunder Bay, Ontario, included white spruce at spacings of 1.8 m, 2.7 m, and 3.6 m. [97]
A parting and contraction of the glaze on the surface of ceramic ware during drying or firing, resulting in unglazed areas bordered by coalesced glaze. May be caused by uneven glazing, excessive glaze thickness or a greasy substrate. [8] Crazing A glaze fault characterised by the cracking of fired glazes and due to high tensile stresses.
Surface roughness or simply roughness is the quality of a surface of not being smooth and it is hence linked to human perception of the surface texture. From a mathematical perspective it is related to the spatial variability structure of surfaces, and inherently it is a multiscale property.