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A Gyroscopic stabilizer is a control system that reduces tilting movement of a ship or aircraft. It senses orientation using a small gyroscope, and counteracts rotation by adjusting control surfaces or by applying force to a large gyroscope. It can be: Some active ship stabilizers adjust "active fins" of the ship or apply force to a large ...
The ship gyroscopic stabilizer typically operates by constraining the gyroscope's roll axis and allowing it to "precess" either in the pitch or the yaw axes. Allowing it to precess as the ship rolls causes its spinning rotor to generate a counteracting roll stabilizing moment to that generated by the waves on the ship's hull.
The Sperry Corporation developed the original gyroscopic autopilot in 1912. The device was called a “gyroscopic stabilizer apparatus,” and its purpose was to improve stability and control of aircraft. It utilized the inputs from several other instruments to allow an aircraft to automatically maintain a desired compass heading and altitude. [1]
Ship stabilizers: a fixed fin stabilizer (foreground centre) and bilge keels (left background). Ship stabilizers (or stabilisers) are fins or rotors mounted beneath the waterline and emerging laterally from the hull to reduce a ship's roll due to wind or waves. Active fins are controlled by a gyroscopic control system.
Gyro stabilizers consist of a spinning flywheel and gyroscopic precession that imposes boat-righting torque on the hull structure. The angular momentum of the gyro's flywheel is a measure of the extent to which the flywheel will continue to rotate about its axis unless acted upon by an external torque. The higher the angular momentum, the ...
In 1911, Sperry worked with the US Navy to incorporate his gyroscopic stabilizer, which greatly reduced major roll of the ship, into Navy ships. [8] While effective, Sperry's gyrostabilizer never was widely sold because of its expense, both in installation and maintenance. [6] Sperry found another use for his gyroscopes in 1908. [6]
The benefit of this gyroscopic motion is that it counteracts the missile's undesirable tendency to rotate about its central axis, dynamically stabilizing its flight. [7] In addition to stabilizing against roll , a similar effect can also be provided for yaw and pitch as well.
Navy experiments showed these roughly doubled accuracy, so they began a series of developments to add a gyroscopic stabilizer to their bombsights. In addition to new designs like the Inglis (working with Sperry) and Seversky, Norden was asked to provide an external stabilizer for the Navy's existing Mark III designs. [4]
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