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An integral, or intrinsic, membrane protein (IMP) [1] is a type of membrane protein that is permanently attached to the biological membrane. All transmembrane proteins can be classified as IMPs, but not all IMPs are transmembrane proteins. [2] IMPs comprise a significant fraction of the proteins encoded in an organism's genome. [3]
In contrast, approximately 25% of all proteins are membrane proteins. [15] Their hydrophobic surfaces make structural and especially functional characterization difficult. [13] [16] Detergents can be used to render membrane proteins water-soluble, but these can also alter protein structure and function. [13]
Schematic representation of transmembrane proteins: 1) a single-pass membrane protein 2) a multipass membrane protein (α-helix) 3) a multipass membrane protein β-sheet. The membrane is represented in light yellow. A transmembrane protein is a type of integral membrane protein that spans the entirety of the cell membrane.
Ion channels are integral membrane proteins, typically formed as assemblies of several individual proteins. Such "multi- subunit " assemblies usually involve a circular arrangement of identical or homologous proteins closely packed around a water-filled pore through the plane of the membrane or lipid bilayer .
Intramembrane proteases are integral membrane proteins that are polytopic transmembrane proteins with multiple transmembrane helices. [5] [17] Their active sites are located within the transmembrane helices and form an aqueous environment within the hydrophobic lipid bilayer.
The interactions the sites use to bind to membrane proteins are non-specific and consist of: hydrogen bonding, hydrophobic interactions and electrostatic interactions. These non-specific interactions give ankyrin the property to recognise a large range of proteins as the sequence doesn't have to be conserved, just the properties of the amino ...
The exception is the beta-4 subunit, which has a cytoplasmic domain of 1,088 amino acids, one of the largest of any membrane protein. Outside the cell membrane, the α and β chains lie close together along a length of about 23 nm; the final 5 nm N-termini of each chain forms a ligand-binding region for the ECM.
Transmembrane proteins (8 C, 197 P) Pages in category "Integral membrane proteins" The following 200 pages are in this category, out of approximately 241 total.