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For the Aztecs, the playing of the ballgame also had religious significance, but where the 16th-century K´iche´ Maya saw the game as a battle between the lords of the underworld and their earthly adversaries, their Aztec contemporaries may have seen it as a battle of the sun, personified by Huitzilopochtli, against the forces of night, led by ...
Fooled, Mictlantecuhtli showed Quetzalcoatl to the bones. But Quetzalcoatl fell into the pit and some of the bones broke. The Aztecs believed this is why people's height are different. Mictlan is believed to be ruled by King Mictlantecuhtli ("Lord of the Underworld") [2] and his wife, Mictecacihuatl ("Lady of the Underworld"). [3]
Some scholars argue the ballgame symbolizes the Sun's perilous and uncertain nighttime journey through the underworld. [9] Xolotl is able to help in the Sun's rebirth since he possesses the power to enter and exit the underworld. [9] In several of the manuscripts Xolotl is depicted striving at this game against other gods.
Mictēcacihuātl, goddess of Mictlan (the Underworld). She is also part of the Thirteen Heavens. Miccāpetlācalli, goddess of the tomb who lived in one of nine layers of the underworld. Micapetlacalli was Nextepehua's wife. Nesoxochi, goddess of fear who lived in one of nine layers of the underworld. Nesoxochi was Iixpuzteque's wife.
Patolli and its variants were played by a wide range of pre-Columbian Mesoamerican cultures and were known all over Mesoamerica: it was played by the Teotihuacanos (the builders of Teotihuacan, ca. 200 BC - 650 AD), the Toltecs (ca. 750 - 1000), the inhabitants of Chichen Itza (founded by refugee Toltec nobles, ca. 1100 - 1300), the Aztecs (who claimed Toltec descent, 1168 - 1521) and all of ...
In Aztec mythology, the Thirteen Heavens were formed out of Cipactli's head when the gods made creation out of its body, whereas Tlaltícpac, the earth, was made from its center and the nine levels of the underworld from its tail.
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Ceramic sculpture from a Western Mexican tomb showing players engaged in the Mesoamerican ballgame. A Mesoamerican ballcourt (Nahuatl languages: tlachtli) is a large masonry structure of a type used in Mesoamerica for more than 2,700 years to play the Mesoamerican ballgame, particularly the hip-ball version of the ballgame. [1]