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The two-spirit contingent marches at San Francisco Pride in 2013. Two-spirit (also known as two spirit or occasionally twospirited) [a] is a contemporary pan-Indian umbrella term used by some Indigenous North Americans to describe Native people who fulfill a traditional third-gender (or other gender-variant) social role in their communities.
The term “Two Spirit” is a modern, pan-Indian, umbrella term used by some Indigenous peoples to describe those who fulfill a third gender ceremonial and social role in their cultures. Those who identify themselves as Two-Spirit are neither a man nor woman, but can carry the traits of both sex represented in one complete body.
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Two-Spirit refers to a traditional role in Native American society, but not all indigenous queer people identify with the term.
Before Indigenous colonization occurred in Canada, Two-Spirit people were highly revered in Indigenous communities. [38] Two-Spirit people had very distinct and important roles, as well as traditions, ceremonial roles, and stories. [38] Once settlers arrived in Canada, they brought ideas about heteronormativity and traditional gender roles. [38]
Joshua Whitehead is a Canadian First Nations, two spirit poet and novelist. [1]An Oji-Cree member of the Peguis First Nation in Manitoba, [2] he began publishing poetry while pursuing undergraduate studies at the University of Winnipeg.
There are many terms for these individuals in various indigenous languages. As of 1991, male and female bodied Two-Spirit people have been "documented in over 130 tribes, in every region of North America, among every type of native culture".
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