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Browser or OS API Version Platforms SSL 2.0 (insecure) SSL 3.0 (insecure) TLS 1.0 (deprecated) TLS 1.1 (deprecated) TLS 1.2 TLS 1.3 EV certificate SHA-2 certificate ECDSA certificate BEAST CRIME POODLE (SSLv3) RC4 FREAK Logjam Protocol selection by user Microsoft Internet Explorer (1–10) [n 20] Windows Schannel: 1.x: Windows 3.1, 95, NT, [n ...
Transport Layer Security (TLS) is a cryptographic protocol designed to provide communications security over a computer network, such as the Internet.The protocol is widely used in applications such as email, instant messaging, and voice over IP, but its use in securing HTTPS remains the most publicly visible.
The publishing of TLS 1.3 and DTLS 1.3 obsoleted TLS 1.2 and DTLS 1.2. Note that there are known vulnerabilities in SSL 2.0 and SSL 3.0. In 2021, IETF published RFC 8996 also forbidding negotiation of TLS 1.0, TLS 1.1, and DTLS 1.0 due to known vulnerabilities. NIST SP 800-52 requires support of TLS 1.3 by January 2024.
TLS 1.3 includes a TLS Handshake Protocol that differs compared to past and the current version of TLS/SSL. After coordinating which cipher suite to use, the server and the client still have the ability to change the coordinated ciphers by using the ChangeCipherSpec protocol in the current handshake or in a new handshake.
TLSv1.3 automatically removes this limitation, making browser support for RFC 6961 moot, as more and more web servers drop support for TLS 1.2. Under TLS 1.2 only one stapled response can be sent by a server, the OCSP response associated with the end-certificate.
The style used to specify how to use TLS matches the same layer distinction that is also conveniently supported by several library implementations of TLS. E.g., the RFC 3207 SMTP extension illustrates with the following dialog how a client and server can start a secure session: [3]
This is an accepted version of this page This is the latest accepted revision, reviewed on 11 February 2025. Extension of the HTTP communications protocol to support TLS encryption Internet protocol suite Application layer BGP DHCP (v6) DNS FTP HTTP (HTTP/3) HTTPS IMAP IRC LDAP MGCP MQTT NNTP NTP OSPF POP PTP ONC/RPC RTP RTSP RIP SIP SMTP SNMP SSH Telnet TLS/SSL XMPP more... Transport layer ...
When a client uses domain fronting, it replaces the server domain in SNI (unencrypted), but leaves it in the HTTP host header (which is encrypted by TLS) so that server can serve the right content. Domain fronting violates the standard defining SNI itself, so its compatibility is limited (many services check that SNI host matches the HTTP ...