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IEC 61970-501 and 61970-452 define an XML format for network model exchanges using RDF. The IEC 61968 series of standards extend CIM to meet the needs of electrical distribution , where related applications include distribution management system , outage management system , planning, metering, work management, geographic information system ...
A dropped ceiling is a secondary ceiling, hung below the main (structural) ceiling. It may also be referred to as a drop ceiling, T-bar ceiling, false ceiling, suspended ceiling, grid ceiling, drop in ceiling, drop out ceiling, or ceiling tiles and is a staple of modern construction and architecture in both residential and commercial applications.
A subset of the dropped ceiling is the suspended ceiling, wherein a network of aluminum struts, as opposed to drywall, are attached to the joists, forming a series of rectangular spaces. Individual pieces of cardboard are then placed inside the bottom of those spaces so that the outer side of the cardboard, interspersed with aluminum rails, is ...
Gothic rib vault ceiling of the Saint-Séverin church in Paris Interior elevation view of a Gothic cathedral, with rib-vaulted roof highlighted. In architecture, a vault (French voûte, from Italian volta) is a self-supporting arched form, usually of stone or brick, serving to cover a space with a ceiling or roof.
Coffering on the ceiling of the Pantheon Coffered ceiling with carved human heads at Wawel Castle (). A coffer (or coffering) in architecture is a series of sunken panels in the shape of a square, rectangle, or octagon in a ceiling, soffit or vault. [1]
The Catalan vault (Catalan: volta catalana), also called thin-tile vault, [1] Catalan turn, Catalan arch, boveda ceiling (Spanish bóveda 'vault'), or timbrel vault, is a type of low brickwork arch forming a vaulted ceiling that often supports a floor above. It is constructed by laying a first layer of light bricks lengthwise "in space ...
The latest officially released version of MasterFormat is the 2018 Edition, which uses the following Divisions: PROCUREMENT AND CONTRACTING REQUIREMENTS GROUP:
Guastavino tile vaulting in the City Hall station of the New York City Subway Guastavino ceiling tiles on the south arcade of the Manhattan Municipal Building. The Guastavino tile arch system is a version of Catalan vault introduced to the United States in 1885 by Spanish architect and builder Rafael Guastavino (1842–1908). [1]