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  2. Deadweight loss - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deadweight_loss

    The deadweight loss is the net benefit that is missed out on. While losses to one entity often lead to gains for another, deadweight loss represents the loss that is not regained by anyone else. This loss is therefore [1] attributed to both producers and consumers. Deadweight loss created by a binding price ceiling.

  3. Williamson tradeoff model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Williamson_tradeoff_model

    The Williamson tradeoff model is a theoretical model in the economics of industrial organization which emphasizes the tradeoff associated with horizontal mergers between gains resulting from lower costs of production and the losses associated with higher prices due to greater degree of monopoly power. [1]

  4. Artificial scarcity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Artificial_scarcity

    The clearest example is a monopoly, where a single producer has complete control over supply and can extract a monopoly price. An oligopoly - a small number of producers - can also sustain an undersupply if no producers attempt to gain market share with lower prices at higher volume. Lack of supply competition can arise in many different ways:

  5. Monopsony - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopsony

    This is a net social loss and is called deadweight loss. It is a measure of the market failure caused by monopsony power, through a wasteful misallocation of resources. As the diagram suggests, the size of both effects increases with the difference between the marginal revenue product MRP and the market wage determined on the supply curve S ...

  6. Monopoly - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopoly

    Deadweight loss is considered detrimental to society and market participation. As such, monopolists have substantial economic interest in improving their market information and market segmenting. [43] There is important information for one to remember when considering the monopoly model diagram (and its associated conclusions) displayed here.

  7. File:Deadweight-loss-price-ceiling.svg - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/File:Deadweight-loss-price...

    You are free: to share – to copy, distribute and transmit the work; to remix – to adapt the work; Under the following conditions: attribution – You must give appropriate credit, provide a link to the license, and indicate if changes were made.

  8. Monopolistic competition - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Monopolistic_competition

    The company is able to collect a price based on the average revenue (AR) curve. The difference between the company's average revenue and average cost, multiplied by the quantity sold (Qs), gives the total profit. A short-run monopolistic competition equilibrium graph has the same properties of a monopoly equilibrium graph.

  9. Market structure - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Market_structure

    The total surplus of perfect competition market is the highest. And the total surplus of imperfect competition market is lower. In the monopoly market, if the monopoly firm can adopt first-level price discrimination, the consumer surplus is zero and the monopoly firm obtains all the benefits in the market. [15]