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802.11i a.k.a. WPA2, uses AES and other improvements on WEP A5/1 and A5/2 cell phone encryption for GSM U.S. Government Federal Information Processing Standards (FIPS)
The Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), also known by its original name Rijndael (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈrɛindaːl]), [5] is a specification for the encryption of electronic data established by the U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in 2001. [6] AES is a variant of the Rijndael block cipher [5] developed by two Belgian ...
In cryptography, security level is a measure of the strength that a cryptographic primitive — such as a cipher or hash function — achieves. Security level is usually expressed as a number of "bits of security" (also security strength), [1] where n-bit security means that the attacker would have to perform 2 n operations to break it, [2] but other methods have been proposed that more ...
However, the original scheme was proved in the random oracle model to be IND-CCA2 secure when OAEP is used with the RSA permutation using standard encryption exponents, as in the case of RSA-OAEP. [2] An improved scheme (called OAEP+) that works with any trapdoor one-way permutation was offered by Victor Shoup to solve this problem. [3]
Advanced Encryption Standard (AES): an encryption algorithm, selected by NIST after a public competition. In 2003, NSA certified AES for Type 1 use in some NSA-approved systems. Secure Hash Algorithm: a widely used family of hash algorithms developed by NSA based on earlier designs by Ron Rivest. Digital Signature Algorithm; Data Encryption ...
The publication approves the XTS-AES mode of the AES algorithm by reference to the IEEE Std 1619-2007, subject to one additional requirement, which limits the maximum size of each encrypted data unit (typically a sector or disk block) to 2 20 AES blocks. According to SP 800-38E, "In the absence of authentication or access control, XTS-AES ...
A key encapsulation mechanism, to securely transport a secret key from a sender to a receiver, consists of three algorithms: Gen, Encap, and Decap. Circles shaded blue—the receiver's public key and the encapsulation —can be safely revealed to an adversary, while boxes shaded red—the receiver's private key and the encapsulated secret key —must be kept secret.
The operation of the keystream generator in A5/1, an LFSR-based stream cipher used to encrypt mobile phone conversations.. A stream cipher is a symmetric key cipher where plaintext digits are combined with a pseudorandom cipher digit stream ().