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Amyl nitrite is a chemical compound with the formula C 5 H 11 ONO. A variety of isomers are known, but they all feature an amyl group attached to the nitrite functional group. The alkyl group (the amyl in this case) is unreactive and the chemical and biological properties are mainly due to the nitrite group.
Brunton found that amyl nitrites had effects of dilating blood vessels and flushing of the face. Isobutyl nitrites were also documented around the late 1890s by Brunton and despite being found to have generally the same effects as amyl nitrites, they were never used as a clinical alternative to amyl nitrates.
Amyl nitrate is the chemical compound with the formula CH 3 (CH 2) 4 ONO 2. This molecule consists of the 5-carbon amyl group attached to a nitrate functional group . [ 1 ] It is the ester of amyl alcohol and nitric acid .
"Potentiates digitalis activity, increases coronary dilation effects of theophylline, caffeine, papaverine, sodium nitrate, adenosine and epinephrine, increase barbiturate-induced sleeping times" [3] Horse chestnut: conker tree, conker Aesculus hippocastanum: Liver toxicity, allergic reaction, anaphylaxis [3] Kava: awa, kava-kava [4] Piper ...
Most side effects are direct consequences of the vasodilation and the resultant low blood pressure. They include headache ("nitrate headache") resulting from the widening of blood vessels in the brain, reflex tachycardia (fast heart rate), flush, dizziness, nausea and vomiting. These effects usually subside after a few days if the treatment is ...
The choice of antiarthritic medication is often determined by the nature of arthritis, the severity of symptoms as well as other factors, such as the tolerability of side effects. A dorsal view of the hand, revealed swelling of the finger joints, indicative of an underlying inflammatory process at the proximal interphalangeal joints
The inflammatory mediators of RA including cytokines, growth factors, metalloproteinases destroy articular cartilage, subchondral bone, tendons and ligaments. Destructive synovitis leads to bone erosion and causes the ligaments of the spine to become too laxed (loose), eventually resulting in cervical spinal instability (loose neck bones). [6]
Osteoarthritis (OA) is a type of degenerative joint disease that results from breakdown of joint cartilage and underlying bone. [5] [6] It is believed to be the fourth leading cause of disability in the world, affecting 1 in 7 adults in the United States alone. [7]