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  2. Clay - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clay

    Clay is a type of fine-grained natural soil material containing clay minerals [1] (hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates, e.g. kaolinite, Al 2 Si 2 O 5 4). Most pure clay minerals are white or light-coloured, but natural clays show a variety of colours from impurities, such as a reddish or brownish colour from small amounts of iron oxide .

  3. Kaolinite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kaolinite

    Kaolinite (/ ˈ k eɪ. ə l ə ˌ n aɪ t,-l ɪ-/ KAY-ə-lə-nyte, -⁠lih-; also called kaolin) [5] [6] [7] is a clay mineral, with the chemical composition Al 2 Si 2 O 5 4.It is a layered silicate mineral, with one tetrahedral sheet of silica (SiO 4) linked through oxygen atoms to one octahedral sheet of alumina (AlO 6).

  4. Soil color - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soil_color

    Jarosite accumulation in acidic soil in Cambridgeshire, UK. Yellow soils may indicate iron accumulation as well, though in less oxygen-rich environments than red soils. [4] Jarosite accumulation can also create yellow soil color and may be found in salt marshes, sulfide ore deposits, acid mine tailings, and other acidic soils. [13] [14]

  5. Clay mineral - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clay_mineral

    Clay minerals are hydrous aluminium phyllosilicates (e.g. kaolin, Al 2 Si 2 O 5 4), sometimes with variable amounts of iron, magnesium, alkali metals, alkaline earths, and other cations found on or near some planetary surfaces. Clay minerals form in the presence of water [1] and have been important to life, and many theories of abiogenesis ...

  6. Red soil - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Red_soil

    Red soil is a type of soil that typically develops in warm, temperate, and humid climates and comprises approximately 13% of Earth's soils. [1] It contains thin organic and organic-mineral layers of highly leached soil resting on a red layer of alluvium .

  7. Ultisol - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultisol

    Ultisol, commonly known as red clay soil, is one of twelve soil orders in the United States Department of Agriculture soil taxonomy. The word "Ultisol" is derived from "ultimate", because Ultisols were seen as the ultimate product of continuous weathering of minerals in a humid, temperate climate without new soil formation via glaciation .

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  9. Letsoku - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Letsoku

    Letsoku is a clayey soil used by several tribes in Southern Africa and other parts of the African continent.The Sotho-Tswana of Southern Africa have described a number of clay soils as letsoku. These are named differently by other tribes in the region, it is known as chomane in Shona , ilibovu in Swati , imbola in Xhosa and luvhundi in Venda ...