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The results of this test must be interpreted carefully. The person's medical risk factors determine at which increment (5 mm, 10 mm, or 15 mm) of induration the result is considered positive. [12] A positive result indicates TB exposure. 5 mm or more is positive in An HIV-positive person; Persons with recent contacts with a TB patient
In Smear positive patients high sensitivity 99%, specificity 98%. In smear negative patients low sensitivity 62%, but high specificity 99%. NAA techniques such as polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) are the basis of molecular diagnosis of TB.
In people with smear-positive pulmonary TB (without HIV co-infection), after 5 years without treatment, 50–60% die while 20–25% achieve spontaneous resolution (cure). TB is almost always fatal in those with untreated HIV co-infection and death rates are increased even with antiretroviral treatment of HIV. [168]
If there is any question of active TB, sputum smears must be obtained. Therefore, any applicant might have findings grouped in this category, but still have active TB as suggested by the presence of signs or symptoms of TB, or sputum smears positive for AFB. [2] The main chest X-ray findings that can suggest inactive TB are: [2] 1.
There is evidence supporting some deviations from the standard regimen when treating pulmonary TB. Sputum culture-positive patients who are smear-negative at the start of treatment do well with only four months of treatment (this has not been validated for HIV-positive patients); sputum culture-negative patients do well on only three months of ...
TB is one of the most common diseases in the world, but few cases occur in Washington. This is how the disease spreads and who is at risk. There’s an active tuberculosis case in Tacoma.
Persons with recent TB infection [those infected within the previous two years] Congenital or acquired immunosuppressed patients (in particular, HIV-positive patients) Illicit intravenous drug users; alcohol and other chronic substance users; Children (particularly those younger than 4 years old)
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