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The fall of Babylon was the decisive event that marked the total defeat of the Neo-Babylonian Empire to the Achaemenid Empire in 539 BC. Nabonidus , the final Babylonian king and son of the Assyrian priestess Adad-guppi , [ 2 ] ascended to the throne in 556 BC, after overthrowing his predecessor Labashi-Marduk .
A chronicle drawn up just after the conquest of Babylonia by Cyrus gives the history of the reign of Nabonidus ("Nabu-na'id"), the last king of Babylon, and of the fall of the Neo-Babylonian Empire. [ citation needed ] In 538 BC, there was a revolt in southern Babylonia, while the Persian army entered the country from the north.
Nabonidus, who had retreated to Sippar following his defeat at Opis, fled to Borsippa. [71] Ancient Near East circa 540 BC, prior to the invasion of Babylon by Cyrus the Great. Around [72] 12 October, [73] Persian general Gubaru's troops entered Babylon, again without any resistance from the Babylonian armies, and detained Nabonidus. [74]
538 BC— The Babylonian Captivity ends when Cyrus, king of Persia, allows Jews in Babylon to return to Jerusalem. [1] [2] 535 BC—Phocaean Greek colonists clash at sea with Carthaginians and Etruscans in Battle of Alalia . 534 BC. Lucius Tarquinius Superbus becomes seventh King of Rome, after murdering the sixth king Servius Tullius.
The Neo-Babylonian Empire under the rule of Nebuchadnezzar II occupied the Kingdom of Judah between 597–586 BCE and destroyed the First Temple in Jerusalem. [3] According to the Hebrew Bible, the last king of Judah, Zedekiah, was forced to watch his sons put to death, then his own eyes were put out and he was exiled to Babylon (2 Kings 25).
According to the Bible, following the fall of Jerusalem, the Babylonian general Nebuzaradan was sent to complete its destruction. The city and Solomon's Temple were plundered and destroyed, and most of the Judeans were taken by Nebuzaradan into captivity in Babylon, with only a few people permitted to remain to tend to the land (Jeremiah 52:16 ...
The Nabonidus Chronicle is an ancient Babylonian text, part of a larger series of Babylonian Chronicles inscribed in cuneiform script on clay tablets.It deals primarily with the reign of Nabonidus, the last king of the Neo-Babylonian Empire, covers the conquest of Babylon by the Persian king Cyrus the Great, and ends with the start of the reign of Cyrus's son Cambyses II, spanning a period ...
According to the Book of Ezra, the Persian Cyrus the Great ended the Babylonian exile in 538 BCE, [14] the year after he captured Babylon. [15] The exile ended with the return under Zerubbabel the Prince (so-called because he was a descendant of the royal line of David) and Joshua the Priest (a descendant of the line of the former High Priests of the Temple) and their construction of the ...