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The major extant examples include the Clonmacnoise Crozier (thought to be amongst the first examples of Irish metalwork of the medieval period), the Kells Crozier (9th to 11th centuries), St Mel's Crozier (10th and 12th century), the River Laune Crozier (late 10th century), the Lismore Crozier (c. 1100), and the Scottish Coigreach and St Fillan ...
The Kells Crozier was made by various craftsmen over three different phases between the late 9th and 11th century AD. [2] While the core of the crozier is wooden, the crook is made of silver and the staff is covered in a copper alloy sheet which was later covered with silver mounts or knobs filled with animal interlace typical of the period. [3]
The Lismore, Clonmacnoise and River Laune croziers on display. The Lismore Crozier is an Irish Insular-type crozier dated to between 1100 and 1113 AD. It consists of a wooden tubular staff lined with copper-alloy plates; embellished with silver, gold, niello and glass; and capped by a crook with a decorative openwork crest. [1]
A crozier on the coat of arms of Basel, Switzerland which was ruled by Prince-Bishops during the Middle Ages. A crozier or crosier (also known as a paterissa, pastoral staff, or bishop's staff) [1] is a stylized staff that is a symbol of the governing office of a bishop or abbot and is carried by high-ranking prelates of Roman Catholic, Eastern Catholic, Eastern Orthodox, Oriental Orthodox ...
Clonmacnoise monastery was founded in 544 by Saint Ciarán [18] in the territory of Uí Maine where an ancient major east–west land route and early medieval political division (the Slighe Mhor) met at the River Shannon.
Its origins and medieval provenance are unknown until it was found fully intact by turf cutters c. 1831 near Prosperous, County Kildare. It did not receive attention from antiquarians until 1851, [ 2 ] [ 3 ] but is today identified as one of the earliest fully extant and thus perhaps the most historically important European crozier.
The staff originates from the ninth century, while a number of often poor and crude refurbishments date from the 12th century and later. [1] It is one of the saint's three well-known relics, the others being his bell-shrine and the well-known 9th century Cathach of St. Columba which was built to contain a 6th century Insular psalter once thought to have been written by Columba himself.
St. Mel's Crozier was a fully intact 10th or 11th century Insular crozier discovered in the mid-19th century on the grounds of an early medieval church in Ardagh, County Longford. [1] It consisted of a wooden core lined with metal sheet tubing decorated with silver, coral and glass, as well as three knopes and a ring towards its base.