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Free sugar – all monosaccharides and disaccharides added to food and naturally present sugars in honey, syrups, and fruit juices (sugars inside cells, as in raw fruit, are not included) Fructose [1] – a simple ketonic monosaccharide found in many plants, where it is often bonded to glucose to form the disaccharide sucrose
For example, milk sugar (lactose) is a disaccharide made by condensation of one molecule of each of the monosaccharides glucose and galactose, whereas the disaccharide sucrose in sugar cane and sugar beet, is a condensation product of glucose and fructose. Maltose, another common disaccharide, is condensed from two glucose molecules. [7]
Maltitol is a disaccharide produced by hydrogenation of maltose obtained from starch. Maltitol syrup, a hydrogenated starch hydrolysate, is produced by hydrogenating corn syrup, a mixture of carbohydrates produced from the hydrolysis of starch. This product contains between 50% and 80% maltitol by weight.
Lactose, or milk sugar, is a disaccharide composed of galactose and glucose and has the molecular formula C 12 H 22 O 11. Lactose makes up around 2–8% of milk (by mass). The name comes from lact (gen. lactis ), the Latin word for milk, plus the suffix -ose used to name sugars.
Sucrose is a disaccharide made up of 50% glucose and 50% fructose and has a glycemic index of 65. [50] Sucrose is digested rapidly, [ 51 ] [ 52 ] but has a relatively low glycemic index due to its content of fructose, which has a minimal effect on blood glucose.
To use it in place of fresh milk, simply open a can and mix it with an equal amount of water, then replace the milk in your recipe measure-for-measure. 4. Sweetened Condensed Milk
Milk alternatives vary quite a bit in texture, from thick and creamy soy milk or canned coconut milk to thinner and more watery options like rice, almond, hemp, and flax milk.
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