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Mycobacterium marinum is an acid-fast, aerobic bacterium which can infect humans. [4] Infection is usually associated either with swimming, preparing sea food, or with keeping or working with aquarium fish. [2] Infections of humans are rare due to the chlorination of water. [4]
Botulinum toxin is one of the most powerful known toxins: about one microgram is lethal to humans when inhaled. [10] It acts by blocking nerve function ( neuromuscular blockade ) through inhibition of the excitatory neurotransmitter acetylcholine 's release from the presynaptic membrane of neuromuscular junctions in the somatic nervous system .
Diphyllobothriasis mostly occurs in regions where raw fish is regularly consumed; those who consume raw fish are at risk of infection. The infection is often asymptomatic and usually presents only with mild symptoms, which may include gastrointestinal complaints, weight loss, and fatigue.
Aquarium granuloma (also known as fish tank granuloma and swimming pool granuloma) is a rare skin condition caused by a non-tubercular mycobacterium known as Mycobacterium marinum. [2] Skin infections with M. marinum in humans are relatively uncommon, and are usually acquired from contact with contaminated swimming pools, aquariums or infected ...
Typical symptoms of active TB are chronic cough with blood-containing mucus, fever, night sweats, and weight loss. [1] Infection of other organs can cause a wide range of symptoms. [8] Tuberculosis is spread from one person to the next through the air when people who have active TB in their lungs cough, spit, speak, or sneeze.
The most common cause of human paragonimiasis is P. westermani, the oriental lung fluke. [7] About 22 million people are estimated to be affected yearly worldwide. [8] It is particularly common in East Asia. Paragonimiasis is easily mistaken for other diseases with which it shares clinical symptoms, such as tuberculosis and lung cancer. [5]
Hallmark symptoms of ciguatera in humans include gastrointestinal, cardiovascular, and neurological effects. [5] [6] Gastrointestinal symptoms include nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea, usually followed by neurological symptoms such as headaches, muscle aches, paresthesia, numbness of extremities, mouth and lips, reversal of hot and cold sensation, [7] [8] ataxia, vertigo, and hallucinations.
Like humans and other animals, fish suffer from diseases and parasites.Fish defences against disease are specific and non-specific. Non-specific defences include skin and scales, as well as the mucus layer secreted by the epidermis that traps microorganisms and inhibits their growth.