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GPS surveying differs from other GPS uses in the equipment and methods used. Static GPS uses two receivers placed in position for a considerable length of time. The long span of time lets the receiver compare measurements as the satellites orbit. The changes as the satellites orbit also provide the measurement network with well conditioned ...
Archaeology — As archaeologists excavate a site, they generally make a three-dimensional map of the site, detailing where each artifact is found. [5] Surveying — Survey-Grade GNSS receivers can be used to position survey markers, buildings, and road construction. [6] These units use the signal from both the L1 and L2 GPS frequencies.
Surveying: surveyors use absolute locations to make maps and determine property boundaries. Tectonics : GPS enables direct fault motion measurement of earthquakes . Between earthquakes GPS can be used to measure crustal motion and deformation [ 139 ] to estimate seismic strain buildup for creating seismic hazard maps.
A surveyor uses a GNSS receiver with an RTK solution to accurately locate a parking stripe for a topographic survey. Real-time kinematic positioning (RTK) is the application of surveying to correct for common errors in current satellite navigation (GNSS) systems. [1]
The World Geodetic System (WGS) is a standard used in cartography, geodesy, and satellite navigation including GPS.The current version, WGS 84, defines an Earth-centered, Earth-fixed coordinate system and a geodetic datum, and also describes the associated Earth Gravitational Model (EGM) and World Magnetic Model (WMM).
The development of direct reading georeferencing technologies opened the way for mobile mapping systems. GPS and Inertial Navigation Systems, have allowed rapid and accurate determination of position and attitude of remote sensing equipment, [3] effectively leading to direct mapping of features of interest without the need for complex post-processing of observed data.
In surveying, bearings can be referenced to true north, magnetic north, grid north (the Y axis of a map projection), or a previous map, which is often a historical magnetic north. [ citation needed ] If navigating by gyrocompass , the reference direction is true north , in which case the terms true bearing and geodetic bearing are used.
Position resection and intersection are methods for determining an unknown geographic position (position finding) by measuring angles with respect to known positions.In resection, the one point with unknown coordinates is occupied and sightings are taken to the known points; in intersection, the two points with known coordinates are occupied and sightings are taken to the unknown point.