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A supercritical fluid (SCF) is a substance at a temperature and pressure above its critical point, where distinct liquid and gas phases do not exist, but below the pressure required to compress it into a solid. [1]
It is called supercritical fluid. The common textbook knowledge that all distinction between liquid and vapor disappears beyond the critical point has been challenged by Fisher and Widom, [8] who identified a p–T line that separates states with different asymptotic statistical properties (Fisher–Widom line).
Supercritical drying, a process used to remove liquid in a precisely controlled way, similar to freeze drying; Supercritical fluid, a substance at a temperature and pressure above its thermodynamic critical point: Supercritical carbon dioxide:
Supercritical carbon dioxide can be used as a solvent in dry cleaning. [4] Supercritical carbon dioxide is used as the extraction solvent for creation of essential oils and other herbal distillates. [5] Its main advantages over solvents such as hexane and acetone in this process are that it is non-flammable and does not leave toxic residue.
A transcritical cycle is a closed thermodynamic cycle where the working fluid goes through both subcritical and supercritical states. In particular, for power cycles the working fluid is kept in the liquid region during the compression phase and in vapour and/or supercritical conditions during the expansion phase.
A supercritical flow is a flow whose velocity is larger than the wave velocity. [clarification needed] The analogous condition in gas dynamics is supersonic speed.According to the website Civil Engineering Terms, supercritical flow is defined as follows: The flow at which depth of the channel is less than critical depth, velocity of flow is greater than critical velocity and slope of the ...
Non ideal compressible fluid dynamics (NICFD), or non ideal gas dynamics, is a branch of fluid mechanics studying the dynamic behavior of fluids not obeying ideal-gas thermodynamics. It is for example the case of dense vapors , supercritical flows and compressible two-phase flows .
Note that subcritical and supercritical describe the stability of the outer lines of the pitchfork (dashed or solid, respectively) and are not dependent on which direction the pitchfork faces. For example, the negative of the first ODE above, x ˙ = x 3 − r x {\displaystyle {\dot {x}}=x^{3}-rx} , faces the same direction as the first picture ...