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The greatest presence of the Suhrawardi order in India was in Kashmir. The king of Kashmir, Rinchana, was converted to Islam by Sayyid S̲h̲araf al-Dīn aka Bulbul Shah. [5] The Suhrawardi order had a strong relationship and exerted influence over Indian rulers and governments such the Delhi Sultanate, Gujarat Sultanate, and Mughal Empire.
Shahab al-Din Abu Hafs Umar al-Suhrawardi (c. 1145 – 1234) was a Persian [1] [2] Sufi and nephew of Abu al-Najib Suhrawardi.He expanded the Sufi order of Suhrawardiyya that had been created by his uncle Abu al-Najib Suhrawardi, and is the person responsible for officially formalizing the order. [3]
Claiming themselves as descendants of the first caliph of Islam, [11]: 81 [12] the Suhrawardy lineage is traced to Shihab al-Din 'Umar al-Suhrawardi, a Sufi who lived in Baghdad during the 12th century. The Suhrawardiyya order is one of the major Sunni orders of Sufism.
According to John Walbridge, Suhrawardi's critique on peripatetic philosophy can be counted as an important turning point for his successors. Suhrawardi tried to criticize Avicennism in a new approach. Although Suhrawardi first was a pioneer of peripatetic philosophy, he later became a Platonist following a mystical experience.
Suhrawardi or Sohrevardi or variants may refer to: Suhrawardiyya, a Sufi order Abu al-Najib Suhrawardi (1097–1168), founder of the order Shihab al-Din 'Umar al-Suhrawardi (c. 1145 – 1234), his nephew; Shahab al-Din Yahya ibn Habash Suhrawardi (1154–1191), Persian philosopher and founder of the Iranian school of Illuminationism
The family origin can be traced back to the 11th Century Iranian philosopher and writer Abu al-Najib Suhrawardi, who founded the Suhrawardiyya Sufi order and the dynasty in 1118 A.D. The family gets its name from Shorevard, a city in Iran where Najib took birth, learnt, preached and eventually founded the Sufi order. [3]
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He then later on set up a retreat by the river Tigris, where he gathered disciples, which eventually came to be the Sufi order of Suhrawardiyya which included Ahmed Al-Ghazali, the younger brother of Abu Hamid Al-Ghazali. His paternal nephew Shahab al-Din Abu Hafs Umar Suhrawardi expanded the order.