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Viriya stands for strenuous and sustained effort to overcome unskillful ways (akusala dhamma), such as indulging in sensuality, ill will and harmfulness (see, e.g., ahiṃsā and nekkhamma). [citation needed] Viriya can also be aroused by strong feelings of saṃvega and the practice of the charnel ground meditations as outlined in the ...
Ganbaru (頑張る, lit. 'stand firm'), also romanized as gambaru, is a ubiquitous Japanese word which roughly means to slog on tenaciously through tough times. [1] The word ganbaru is often translated as "doing one's best", but in practice, it means doing more than one's best. [2] The word emphasizes "working with perseverance" [3] or ...
Grit involves maintaining goal-focused effort for extended periods of time, often while facing adversity, but it does not require a critical incident. Importantly, grit is conceptualized as a trait while resilience is a process. Finally, resilience has been almost exclusively studied in children who are born into "at-risk" situations. [20]
Managers may need to offer a team incentive that is strong enough to ensure that each worker's individual payoff from exerting the level of effort that allows the company to maximize its profits is greater than their individual payoff from free riding on the efforts of other team members. [47]
Although this is a psychological measure of effort, it tends to correspond fairly well to the actual physical exertion of an exercise as well. [9] Additionally, because a high perceived exertion can limit an athlete's ability to perform, some people try to decrease this number through strategies like breathing exercises [ 10 ] and listening to ...
Economists and behavioral scientists use a related term, sunk-cost fallacy, to describe the justification of increased investment of money or effort in a decision, based on the cumulative prior investment ("sunk cost") despite new evidence suggesting that the future cost of continuing the behavior outweighs the expected benefit.
goals increase persistence, with difficult goals prolonging effort, and goals indirectly lead to arousal , and to discovery and use of task-relevant knowledge and strategies Some coaches recommend establishing specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-bounded ( SMART ) objectives, but not all researchers agree that these SMART ...
A study conducted by Hulpia et al. focused on the impact of the distribution of leadership and leadership support among teachers and how that affected job satisfaction and commitment. The study found that there was a strong relationship between organizational commitment and the cohesion of the leadership team and the amount of leadership support.