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Catherine II [a] (born Princess Sophie of Anhalt-Zerbst; 2 May 1729 – 17 November 1796), [b] most commonly known as Catherine the Great, [c] was the reigning empress of Russia from 1762 to 1796. She came to power after overthrowing her husband, Peter III .
The title page of the Nakaz French translation of the Instructions, 1769. Nakaz, or Instruction, of Catherine the Great (Russian: Наказ Екатерины II Комиссии о составлении проекта нового Уложения, transliteration: Nakaz Jekateriny II Komissiji o sostavleniji projekta novogo Uloženija), was a statement of legal principles written by ...
Mikeshin's Monument to Catherine the Great after the Alexandrine Theatre in St. Petersburg. The Russian Age of Enlightenment was a period in the 18th century in which the government began to actively encourage the proliferation of arts and sciences, which had a profound impact on Russian culture.
Catherine subsequently deposed Paul's father, Peter III, to take the Russian throne and become Catherine the Great. [2] While Catherine hinted in the first edition of her memoirs published by Alexander Herzen in 1859 that her lover Sergei Saltykov was Paul's biological father, she later recanted and asserted in the final edition that Peter III ...
History of Russia (1721–96) is the history of Russia during the Era of Russian palace revolutions and the Age of Catherine the Great.It began with creation of Russian Empire in 1721, the rule of Catherine I in 1725, and ended with the short rule of Peter III of Russia.
1794 portrait of Catherine the Great by Dmitry Levitzky. Born in 1754, [1] Paul was the son of Emperor Peter III and Catherine the Great. [2] Six months after Peter's accession, Catherine participated in a successful coup d'état against her husband; Peter was deposed and killed in prison. [3] During Catherine's reign, Russia was revitalized.
Catherine also established the Society for the Translation of Foreign Books, “to bring enlightenment to those Russians who could not read either French or German.” [15] It is clear that, like Peter I, Catherine the Great desired to construct a new nobility, a “new race,” [14] which would both resemble western noblemen and prove ...
Portrait of Ivan Ivanovich Betskoi by Alexander Roslin (1777) Saint Petersburg, Hermitage Museum Ivan Ivanovich Betskoi or Betskoy (Russian: Ива́н Ива́нович Бе́цкой; 14 February [O.S. 3 February] 1704 – 11 September [O.S. 31 August] 1795) was an educational reformer in the Russian Empire who served as Catherine II's advisor on education and President of the Imperial ...