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Pulmonary fibrosis is perpetuated by aberrant wound healing, rather than chronic inflammation. [15] It is the main cause of restrictive lung disease that is intrinsic to the lung parenchyma. In contrast, quadriplegia [16] and kyphosis [17] are examples of causes of restrictive lung disease that do not necessarily involve pulmonary fibrosis.
Interstitial lung disease (ILD), or diffuse parenchymal lung disease (DPLD), [3] is a group of respiratory diseases affecting the interstitium (the tissue) and space around the alveoli (air sacs) of the lungs. [4] It concerns alveolar epithelium, pulmonary capillary endothelium, basement membrane, and perivascular and perilymphatic tissues. It ...
Figure B shows fibrosis (scarring) in the lungs. The inset image shows a detailed view of the fibrosis and how it damages the airways and air sacs. [1] Specialty: Pulmonology: Symptoms: Shortness of breath, dry coughing [1] Complications: Pulmonary hypertension, heart failure, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism [1] Usual onset: Gradual [1] Causes ...
Restrictive lung diseases are a category of extrapulmonary, pleural, or parenchymal respiratory diseases that restrict lung expansion, [2] resulting in a decreased lung volume, an increased work of breathing, and inadequate ventilation and/or oxygenation. Pulmonary function test demonstrates a decrease in the forced vital capacity.
Fibrothorax may also occur without a clear underlying cause, in which case it is known as idiopathic fibrothorax. A technique called pleurodesis can be used to intentionally create scar tissue within the pleural space, usually as a treatment for repeated episodes of a punctured lung, known as a pneumothorax, or for pleural effusions caused by ...
Bullae can become extensive and combine to form giant bullae. These can be large enough to take up a third of a hemithorax, compress the lung parenchyma, and cause displacement. The emphysema is now termed giant bullous emphysema, more commonly called vanishing lung syndrome due to the compressed parenchyma. [28]
Crystalline silica, of course, is a leading cause of pneumoconiosis, or black lung, a dust-induced scarring lung disease that leads to the death of about 1,000 miners each year. And, yet, it is ...
Fibrosis, also known as fibrotic scarring, is a pathological wound healing in which connective tissue replaces normal parenchymal tissue to the extent that it goes unchecked, leading to considerable tissue remodelling and the formation of permanent scar tissue. [1] [2]