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Fluvioglacial landforms or glaciofluvial landforms [a] are those that result from the associated erosion and deposition of sediments caused by glacial meltwater. Glaciers contain suspended sediment loads, much of which is initially picked up from the underlying landmass.
The resulting erosional landforms include striations, cirques, glacial horns, arêtes, trim lines, U-shaped valleys, roches moutonnées, overdeepenings and hanging valleys. Striations : grooves and indentations in rock outcrops, formed by the scraping of small sediments on the bottom of a glacier across the Earth's surface.
In geography and geology, fluvial sediment processes or fluvial sediment transport are associated with rivers and streams and the deposits and landforms created by sediments. It can result in the formation of ripples and dunes , in fractal -shaped patterns of erosion, in complex patterns of natural river systems, and in the development of ...
Skeiðarársandur in Iceland, viewed from its eastern margin at the terminus of Svínafellsjökull glacier. An outwash plain, also called a sandur (plural: sandurs [1]), sandr [2] or sandar, [3] is a plain formed of glaciofluvial deposits due to meltwater outwash at the terminus of a glacier.
Till plains may be deposited as a single sheet of till, but often a single plain may contain multiple sheets of till. This occurs where changing climate and/or ice dynamics led to multiple phases of glacier advance and retreat. [5]
Satellite image of kettle lakes in Yamal Peninsula (Northern Siberia), adjacent to the Gulf of Ob (right). The lake colors indicate amounts of sediment or depth. A kettle (also known as a kettle hole, kettlehole, or pothole) is a depression or hole in an outwash plain formed by retreating glaciers or draining floodwaters.
Till is a form of glacial drift, which is rock material transported by a glacier and deposited directly from the ice or from running water emerging from the ice. [1] It is distinguished from other forms of drift in that it is deposited directly by glaciers without being reworked by meltwater.
Drumlins and drumlin swarms are glacial landforms composed primarily of glacial till. They form near the margin of glacial systems, and within zones of fast flow deep within ice sheets , and are commonly found with other major glacially-formed features (including tunnel valleys , eskers , scours, and exposed bedrock erosion ).