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Woodblock printing or block printing is a technique for printing text, images or patterns used widely throughout East Asia and originating in China in antiquity as a method of printing on textiles and later on paper.
A fragment of a dharani print in Sanskrit and Chinese, c. 650–670, Tang dynasty The Great Dharani Sutra, one of the world's oldest surviving woodblock prints, c. 704-751 The intricate frontispiece of the Diamond Sutra from Tang-dynasty China, 868 AD (British Museum), the earliest extant printed text bearing a date of printing Colophon to the Diamond Sutra dating the year of printing to 868
A fragment of a dharani print in Sanskrit and Chinese, c. 650–670, Tang dynasty Replica of The Great Dharani Sutra, the oldest printed text in Korea, c. 704-751 The HyakumantÅ Darani, the oldest printed text in Japan, c. 770 The frontispiece of the Diamond Sutra from Tang dynasty China, the earliest extant printed text bearing a date of ...
The book opens with an introductory essay written by Reed discussing the evolution of Chinese printing and its technological development. He dates the birth of modern print culture to the 1870s, with the spread of lithography and letterpress printing in lieu of traditional woodblock printing. Reed's introduction and many of the collected essays ...
Wooden movable types in the China Printing Museum, Beijing. Both in China and Europe, printing from a woodblock preceded printing with movable type. [12]Along with clay movable type, wooden movable type was invented in China by Bi Sheng in 1040s CE/AD, although he found clay type more satisfactory, and it was first formally used to print by Wang Zhen.
A Chinese printed playing card dated c. 1400 AD, Ming dynasty, found near Turpan, measuring 9.5 by 3.5 cm. Playing cards may have been invented during the Tang dynasty around the ninth century AD as a result of the usage of woodblock printing technology.
Before the 19th century, woodblock printing was favored over movable type to print East Asian text, because movable type required reusable types for thousands of Chinese characters. [3] During the Ming dynasty, Ming typefaces were developed with straight and angular strokes, which made them easier to carve from woodblocks than calligraphic ...
The high quality and relatively low price of the Gutenberg Bible (1455) established the superiority of movable type in Europe and the use of printing presses spread rapidly. The printing press may be regarded as one of the key factors fostering the Renaissance [10] and, due to its effectiveness, its use spread around the globe.