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The Pantheon in Rome.Largest dome in the world for more than 1,300 years. Oculus of the Pantheon. This is a list of Roman domes.The Romans were the first builders in the history of architecture to realize the potential of domes for the creation of large and well-defined interior spaces. [1]
A mudbrick catenary arch A catenary curve (left) and a catenary arch, also a catenary curve (right). One points up, and one points down, but the curves are the same. A catenary arch is a type of architectural arch that follows an inverted catenary curve. The catenary curve has been employed in buildings since ancient times.
A large dome was built in 1881–1882 over the circular courtyard of the Devonshire Royal Hospital in England with a diameter of 156 feet. [46] It used radial trussed ribs with no diagonal ties. [41] The dome of Pavia Cathedral, a building started in 1488, was completed with a large octagonal dome joined to the basilica plan of the church. [47]
For a particular material, the optimal dome geometry is called the funicular surface, the comparable shape in three dimensions to a catenary curve for a two-dimensional arch. [ 37 ] [ 38 ] Adding a weight to the top of a pointed dome, such as the heavy cupola at the top of Florence Cathedral , changes the optimal shape to more closely match the ...
[112] [113] There are two theories about the shape of this dome: a Byzantine-style dome on spherical pendentives with a ring of windows similar to domes of the later Justinian era, or an octagonal cloister vault following Roman trends and like the vaulting over the site's contemporary chapel of Saint Aquiline, possibly built with vaulting tubes ...
Although clearly referencing Florence Cathedral visually and in the use of two shells, structurally the octagonal dome is similar to the much earlier dome of Florence Baptistery and the hemispherical shape of Michelangelo's design for the dome of St. Peter's Basilica. Cracks discovered shortly after completion necessitated the addition by ...
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