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The three main reasons why global warming causes sea levels to rise are the expansion of oceans due to heating, water inflow from melting ice sheets and water inflow from glaciers. Other factors affecting sea level rise include changes in snow mass, and flow from terrestrial water storage, though the contribution from these is thought to be ...
The salinity changes are caused by evaporation in tropical waters, which results in higher salinity and density levels. Meanwhile, melting ice can cause a decrease in salinity at higher latitudes. [14] Temperature, salinity and pressure all influence water density.
In sharp contrast, the period between 14,300 and 11,100 years ago, which includes the Younger Dryas interval, was an interval of reduced sea level rise at about 6.0–9.9 mm/yr. Meltwater pulse 1C was centered at 8,000 years ago and produced a rise of 6.5 m in less than 140 years, such that sea levels 5000 years ago were around 3m lower than ...
The subglacial discharge caused a 15.7 per cent jump in sea-level rise from 0.74 inches (19mm) to 0.86 inches (22mm) by 2300, the researchers found.
Their simulation had run for over 1,700 years before the collapse occurred and they had also eventually reached meltwater levels equivalent to a sea level rise of 6 cm (2.4 in) per year, [39] about 20 times larger than the 2.9 mm (0.11 in)/year sea level rise between 1993 and 2017, [79] and well above any level considered plausible.
The study confirms earlier research findings which identified the region as a hotspot for rising seas, with a potential to divert 3–4 times higher than the global average sea level rise rate. The researchers attribute the possible increase to an ocean circulation mechanism called deep water formation, which is reduced due to AMOC slow down ...
Ocean heat content and sea level rise are important indicators of climate change. [10] Ocean water can absorb a lot of solar energy because water has far greater heat capacity than atmospheric gases. [6] As a result, the top few meters of the ocean contain more energy than the entire Earth's atmosphere. [11]
The extent of the ocean surface down into the ocean is influenced by the amount of mixing that takes place between the surface water and the deeper water. This depends on the temperature: in the tropics the warm surface layer of about 100 m is quite stable and does not mix much with deeper water, while near the poles winter cooling and storms makes the surface layer denser and it mixes to ...