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  2. Semantic change - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_change

    Metonymy: Change based on nearness in space or time, e.g., jaw "cheek" → "mandible". Synecdoche: Change based on whole-part relation. The convention of using capital cities to represent countries or their governments is an example of this. Hyperbole: Change from weaker to stronger meaning, e.g., kill "torment" → "slaughter"

  3. Converse (semantics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Converse_(semantics)

    In linguistics, converses or relational antonyms are pairs of words that refer to a relationship from opposite points of view, such as parent/child or borrow/lend. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] The relationship between such words is called a converse relation . [ 2 ]

  4. Contronym - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contronym

    In Spanish dar (basic meaning "to give"), when applied to lessons or subjects, can mean "to teach", "to take classes" or "to recite", depending on the context. [22] Similarly with the French verb apprendre, which usually means "to learn" but may refer to the action of teaching someone. [23] Dutch leren and Afrikaans leer can mean "to teach" or ...

  5. Concordant Version - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concordant_Version

    The Concordant Version is an English translation of the Bible compiled by the Concordant Publishing Concern (CPC), which was founded by Adolph Ernst Knoch in 1909. [1] The principal works of the CPC is the Concordant Literal New Testament with Keyword Concordance (CLNT), and the Concordant Version of the Old Testament (CVOT).

  6. Grammaticalization - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grammaticalization

    He saw this as one of the two kinds of change that are always associated with grammaticalization (the other being phonetic reduction). For example, both English suffixes -ly (as in bodily and angrily), and -like (as in catlike or yellow-like) ultimately come from an earlier Proto-Germanic etymon, *līką, which meant body or corpse. There is no ...

  7. Conformational change - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conformational_change

    In biochemistry, a conformational change is a change in the shape of a macromolecule, often induced by environmental factors. A macromolecule is usually flexible and dynamic. Its shape can change in response to changes in its environment or other factors; each possible shape is called a conformation, and a transition between them is called a ...

  8. Mutatis mutandis - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutatis_mutandis

    Mutatis mutandis is a Medieval Latin phrase meaning "with things changed that should be changed" or "once the necessary changes have been made", literally: having been changed, going to be changed. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It continues to be seen as a foreign-origin phrase (and thus, unnaturalized, meaning not integrated as part of native vocabulary ...

  9. Sona (constructed language) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sona_(constructed_language)

    A radical can change meaning depending on its context. Some radicals take on a different meaning when used as an affix, e.g. when used as a prefix, the meaning of ka changes from "lead" to a causal maker. Many compounds take on set meanings beyond that of their component parts. For example, akizu, literally "fast animal," signifies "horse." [4]