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After gastric decompression, the horse may show signs of malaise and act lethargic, but pain level usually improves. [ 2 ] Abdominocentesis usually reveals a yellow, turbid fluid with an increased white blood cell count (usually 5,000–10,000 cells/microliter) and protein level (>3.5 g/dl), [ 2 ] although the fluid may be serosanginous in ...
The name equine encephalosis is misleading as the disease is not primarily a neurological disorder. Although the majority of infections result only in mild clinical signs, in more severe cases clinical signs include a short period (typically two to five days) of fluctuating fever, accompanied by varying degrees of inappetence. [4]
A horse may be returned to work if symptoms have ceased and is no longer on NSAIDs or other prescribed drugs related to treatment of ER, this can otherwise can hide signs of another bout of ER. If NSAIDs or other treatment drugs are needed to keep the horse comfortable, or if the horse is reluctant to continue work, the animal is not yet ready ...
Replication cycle of African horse sickness virus (AHSV) This subacute form of the disease has an incubation period longer than that of the pulmonary form. Signs of disease start at day 7–12 after infection. High fever is a common symptom. The disease also manifests as conjunctivitis, with abdominal pain and progressive dyspnea.
Strangles (also called equine distemper) is a contagious upper respiratory tract infection of horses and other equines caused by a Gram-positive bacterium, Streptococcus equi. [1] As a result, the lymph nodes swell, compressing the pharynx , larynx , and trachea , and can cause airway obstruction leading to death, hence the name strangles. [ 2 ]
The equine heart is a muscular pump that circulates blood throughout the body. It is more globoid in shape than the human heart and consists of four chambers: the left and right atria, and the left and right ventricles. The average adult horse has a 3.6-kilogram (7.9 lb) heart, although it can be more than twice this size.
Heart rate is often used as a measure of the animal's pain level and a heart rate >60 bpm is more likely to require surgery. [25] However, this measure can be deceiving in the early stages of a severe colic, when the horse may still retain a relatively low rate. [ 28 ]
Equine influenza is characterized by a very high rate of transmission among horses, and has a relatively short incubation time of one to three days. [6] Clinical signs of equine influenza include fever (up to 106 °F [41 °C]), nasal discharge, have a dry, hacking cough, depression, loss of appetite and weakness. [6]