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The annual life cycle has independently emerged in over 120 different plant families throughout the entire angiosperm phylogeny. [4] The life-history theory posits that annual plants are favored when adult mortality is higher than seedling (or seed) mortality, [ 5 ] i.e., annuals will dominate environments with disturbances or high temporal ...
Common chicory, Cichorium intybus, is a herbaceous perennial plant. In horticulture, the term (per-+ -ennial, "through the year") is used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annuals and biennials. It has thus been defined as a plant that lives more than two years.
Land plants evolved from a group of freshwater green algae, perhaps as early as 850 mya, [3] but algae-like plants might have evolved as early as 1 billion years ago. [2] The closest living relatives of land plants are the charophytes, specifically Charales; if modern Charales are similar to the distant ancestors they share with land plants, this means that the land plants evolved from a ...
Differences between plant and animal physiology and reproduction cause minor differences in how they evolve. One major difference is the totipotent nature of plant cells, allowing them to reproduce asexually much more easily than most animals.
Sphenophyllum was a slender climbing plant with whorls of leaves, which was probably related both to the calamites and the modern horsetails. Cordaites, a tall plant (6 to over 30 meters) with strap-like leaves, was related to the cycads and conifers; the catkin-like inflorescence, which bore yew-like berries, is called Cardiocarpus. These ...
On top of the gradual growth of the plant, the image reveals the true meaning of phototropism and cell elongation, meaning the light energy from the sun is causing the growing plant to bend towards the light aka elongate. Plant growth and development are mediated by specific plant hormones and plant growth regulators (PGRs) (Ross et al. 1983). [10]
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A silver fir shoot showing three successive years of retained leaves. Evergreen . In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional throughout the year. [1] This contrasts with deciduous plants, which lose their foliage completely during the winter or dry season. Consisting of many different species, the ...