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Upasakas praying in Yangon, Myanmar.. Upāsaka or Upāsikā are from the Sanskrit and Pāli words for "attendant". [1] This is the title of followers of Buddhism (or, historically, of Gautama Buddha) who are not monks, nuns, or novice monastics in a Buddhist order, and who undertake certain vows. [2]
[49] [50] [51] However, modern scholars state "devotion" is a misleading and incomplete translation of bhakti. [ 52 ] [ 53 ] Many contemporary scholars have questioned this terminology, and most now trace the term bhakti as one of the several spiritual perspectives that emerged from reflections on the Vedic context and Hindu way of life.
Radha-Krishna (IAST rādhā-kṛṣṇa, Sanskrit: राधा कृष्ण) is the combined form of the Hindu god Krishna with his chief consort and shakti Radha.They are regarded as the feminine as well as the masculine realities of God, [7] in several Krishnaite traditions of Vaishnavism.
Peter Alan Roberts comments, in a note to a translation of the Tibetan version of the Kāraṇḍavyūhasūtra: "Cale cule cunde are the vocative forms of Calā, Culā, and Cundā, three variations of her name. Cundi is the vocative for Cundī." [9] The meaning of these names is not always clear.
The worshiping and devotees peaked during the Tang period, when she emerged particularly as the protectress of women, and was revered as the representative of the female ideal. [ 7 ] [ page needed ] Since the Song dynasty, Xiwang mu's sect within official Taoism has been increasingly supplanted by that of other goddesses.
I am the low person of dreadful deeds, and the great person of excellent deeds. I am Female, I am Male in the form of Shiva. [a] Shaktism's focus on the Divine Female does not imply a rejection of the male. It rejects masculine-feminine, male-female, soul-body, transcendent-immanent dualism, considering nature as divine.
In many places in Maharashtra, devotees worship Muktabai. In north Maharashtra people worship Muktai and do varis (devotional visits) to Muktai's temple. Varkari consider saint Muktai 'Adishakti', Goddess. Varkaris sing abhangas written by Muktai. They call saint Muktabai - Muktai means mother Muktabai.
To the devotee, it is perhaps her very refusal to do so that enables her devotees to reflect on dimensions of themselves and of reality that go beyond the material world. [ 14 ] : 128 A significant portion of Bengali devotional music features Kāli as its central theme and is known as Shyama Sangeet .