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The surgeon and portal hypertension expert Charles Gardner Child (1908–1991) (with Turcotte) of the University of Michigan first proposed the scoring system in 1964 in a textbook on liver disease. [3] It was modified by Pugh et al. in 1972 in a report on surgical treatment of bleeding from esophageal varices. [4]
Pediatric end-stage liver disease (PELD) is a disease severity scoring system for children under 12 years of age. [1] It is calculated from the patient's albumin, bilirubin, and international normalized ratio (INR) together with the patient's age and degree of growth failure.
The Model for End-Stage Liver Disease, or MELD, is a scoring system for assessing the severity of chronic liver disease.It was initially developed to predict mortality within three months of surgery in patients who had undergone a transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) procedure, [1] and was subsequently found to be useful in determining prognosis and prioritizing for receipt of ...
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Depending on the treatment algorithm, additional factors such as advanced liver disease (as classified by Child-Pugh score) or evidence of portal hypertension may also affect suitability for transplantation. [citation needed]
MDCalc was founded by two emergency physicians, Graham Walker, MD, and Joseph Habboushe, MD, MBA, [5] and provides over 500 medical calculators and other clinical decision-support tools. [6] The MDCalc.com website was launched in 2005. [5] In 2016, MDCalc launched an iOS app, [7] followed by an Android app in 2017. [8]
Medical calculators arose because modern medicine makes frequent use of scores and indices that put physicians' memory and calculation skills to the test. [2] The advent of personal computers, the Internet and Web, and more recently personal digital assistants (PDAs) have formed an environment conducive to their development, spread and use.
The severity of cirrhosis is commonly classified with the Child–Pugh score (also known as the Child–Pugh–Turcotte score). [102] This system was devised in 1964 by Child and Turcotte, and modified in 1973 by Pugh and others. [103] It was first established to determine who would benefit from elective surgery for portal decompression. [102]