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It states that the cerebral cortex develops during embryogenesis as an array of interacting cortical columns, or 'radial units', each of which originates from a transient stem cell layer called the ventricular zone, which contains neural stem cells known as radial glial cells.
The ventricular and subventricular zones exist inferior to the intermediate zone and communicate with other zones through cell signalling. These zones additionally create neurons destined to migrate to other areas in the cortex. [1] [6] The marginal zone, along with the cortical zone, make up the 6 layers that form the cortex. This zone is the ...
The marginal zone is the region at the interface between the non-lymphoid red pulp and the lymphoid white-pulp of the spleen. (Some sources consider it to be the part of red pulp which borders on the white pulp, while other sources consider it to be neither red pulp nor white pulp.) A marginal zone also exists in lymph nodes. [1] [2]
The cerebral cortex, also known as the cerebral mantle, [1] is the outer layer of neural tissue of the cerebrum of the brain in humans and other mammals.It is the largest site of neural integration in the central nervous system, [2] and plays a key role in attention, perception, awareness, thought, memory, language, and consciousness.
The marginal zone, however, can give rise to most structures in the embryo including mesoderm. A series of experiments by Pieter Nieuwkoop showed that if the marginal zone is removed and the animal and vegetal caps placed next to each other, the mesoderm comes from the animal cap and the dorsal tissues are always adjacent to the dorsal vegetal ...
In 1891 Santiago Ramón y Cajal described slender horizontal bipolar cells he had found in an histological preparation of the developing marginal zone of lagomorphs. [28] These cells were then considered by Gustaf Retzius as homologous to the ones he had found in the marginal zone of human fetuses around mid-gestation in 1893 and 1894. He ...
The subplate, also called the subplate zone, together with the marginal zone and the cortical plate, in the fetus represents the developmental anlage of the mammalian cerebral cortex. It was first described, as a separate transient fetal zone by Ivica Kostović and Mark E. Molliver in 1974.
In humans the splenic marginal zone B cells have evidence of somatic hypermutation in their immunoglobulin genes, indicating that they have been generated through a germinal centre reaction to become memory cells. While naive MZ B cells produce low-affinity IgM antibodies, memory MZ B cells express high-affinity Ig molecules.