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Summary of the main ethanol blends used around the world in 2013. Several common ethanol fuel mixtures are in use around the world. The use of pure hydrous or anhydrous ethanol in internal combustion engines (ICEs) is only possible if the engines are designed or modified for that purpose, and used only in automobiles, light-duty trucks and motorcycles.
The 85% fraction is commonly sold at pumps worldwide (outside the US), and when specifically supplied or sold as E85 is always 85% ethanol (at pumps or in barrel). Having a guaranteed ethanol fraction obviates the need for a vehicle system to calculate best engine tune accordingly to maximise performance and economy.
Phase behavior Triple point: 150 K (−123 °C), 0.00043 Pa Critical point: 514 K (241 °C), 63 bar Std enthalpy change of fusion, Δ fus H o +4.9 kJ/mol
In gas chromatography, the Kovats retention index (shorter Kovats index, retention index; plural retention indices) is used to convert retention times into system-independent constants. The index is named after the Hungarian-born Swiss chemist Ervin Kováts , who outlined the concept in the 1950s while performing research into the composition ...
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The 3-carbon alcohol, propanol (C 3 H 7 OH), is not often used as a direct fuel source for petrol engines (unlike ethanol, methanol and butanol), with most being directed into use as a solvent. However, it is used as a source of hydrogen in some types of fuel cell; it can generate a higher voltage than methanol, which is the fuel of choice for ...
The 4.6 Tau V8 Engine was named to the Wards 10 Best Engine Awards for 2009 and 2010. [7] The Tau V8 received the award due to the engine's "velvety power delivery, competitive performance, and attainable price-- all of which epitomize the Korean auto maker's drive for world-class engineering", as quoted by Forbes .
Around 2018, it was rumored production of the Hurricane would move to the Trenton Engine Plant in Trenton, Michigan [4] [5] which also builds the World Gasoline Engine and the Chrysler Pentastar engine. However, FCA announced on March 5, 2020, it will invest $400 million to repurpose the idled Indiana Transmission Plant II in Kokomo, Indiana ...