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Timeout Detection and Recovery or TDR is a feature of the Windows operating system (OS) introduced in Windows Vista. It detects response problems from a graphics card (GPU), and if a timeout occurs, the OS will attempt a card reset to recover a functional and responsive desktop environment .
A specified period of time that will be allowed to elapse in a system before a specified event is to take place, unless another specified event occurs first; in either case, the period is terminated when either event takes place. Note: A timeout condition can be canceled by the receipt of an appropriate time-out cancellation signal.
Advanced Configuration and Power Interface (ACPI) is an open standard that operating systems can use to discover and configure computer hardware components, to perform power management (e.g. putting unused hardware components to sleep), auto configuration (e.g. Plug and Play and hot swapping), and status monitoring.
In a Linux system, for example, the watchdog daemon could attempt to perform a software-initiated restart, which can be preferable to a hardware reset as the file systems will be safely unmounted and fault information will be logged. It is essential, however, to have the insurance provided by a hardware timer, since a software restart can fail ...
On the other hand, a system in sleep mode still consumes power to keep the data in the RAM, and thus cannot last indefinitely, as hibernation can. Detaching power from a system in sleep mode results in data loss, while cutting the power of a system in hibernation has no risk; the hibernated system can resume when and if the power is restored.
It is mostly used by device drivers waiting for disk or network IO (input/output). When the process is sleeping uninterruptibly, signals accumulated during the sleep will be noticed when the process returns from the system call or trap. In Unix-like systems the command 'ps -l' uses code "D" for the uninterruptible sleep state of a process. [9]
Sleep on macOS consists of the traditional sleep, Safe Sleep, and Power Nap. In System Preferences , Safe Sleep [ 8 ] is referred to as sleep. Since Safe Sleep also allowed state to be restored in an event of a power outage , unlike other operating systems, hibernate was never offered as an option.
A Round Robin preemptive scheduling example with quantum=3. Round-robin (RR) is one of the algorithms employed by process and network schedulers in computing. [1] [2] As the term is generally used, time slices (also known as time quanta) [3] are assigned to each process in equal portions and in circular order, handling all processes without priority (also known as cyclic executive).