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The first-line treatment for colon cancer at stages zero or one is surgery to remove the affected part of the colon. ... when the cancer has spread to nearby lymph nodes but not to other organs ...
Cancers of the GI tract (esophageal, gastric, and colorectal) are on the rise. Over the last 30 years there has been an increase in incidence of adenocarcinoma of the esophagus, gastroesophageal junction, and gastric cardia. [3] Gastric cancer is the fourth most common malignant tumor and third most common cause of cancer related death.
The signs and symptoms of colorectal cancer depend on the location of the tumor in the bowel, and whether it has spread elsewhere in the body ().The classic warning signs include: worsening constipation, blood in the stool, decrease in stool caliber (thickness), loss of appetite, loss of weight, and nausea or vomiting in someone over 50 years old. [15]
The treatment depends on the location of the tumor, as well as the type of cancer cell and whether it has invaded other tissues or spread elsewhere. These factors also determine the prognosis. Overall, the GI tract and the accessory organs of digestion (pancreas, liver, gall bladder) are responsible for more cancers and more deaths from cancer ...
A colorectal polyp is a polyp (fleshy growth) occurring on the lining of the colon or rectum. [1] Untreated colorectal polyps can develop into colorectal cancer. [2] Colorectal polyps are often classified by their behaviour (i.e. benign vs. malignant) or cause (e.g. as a consequence of inflammatory bowel disease).
Stage migration is a change in the distribution of stages in a particular cancer population, induced by either a change in the staging system itself or else a change in technology which allows more sensitive detection of tumor spread and therefore more sensitivity in detecting spread of disease (e.g., the use of MRI scans).
A sessile serrated lesion (SSL) is a premalignant flat (or sessile) lesion of the colon, predominantly seen in the cecum and ascending colon. SSLs are thought to lead to colorectal cancer through the (alternate) serrated pathway. [1] [2] This differs from most colorectal cancer, which arises from mutations starting with inactivation of the APC ...
The incidence of the mutation is between 1 in 10,000 and 1 in 15,000 births. By age 35 years, 95% of individuals with FAP (>100 adenomas) have polyps. Without colectomy, colon cancer is virtually inevitable. The mean age of colon cancer in untreated individuals is 39 years (range 34–43 years). [13]
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