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  2. Hash collision - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash_collision

    John Smith and Sandra Dee share the same hash value of 02, causing a hash collision. In computer science, a hash collision or hash clash [1] is when two distinct pieces of data in a hash table share the same hash value. The hash value in this case is derived from a hash function which takes a data input and returns a fixed length of bits. [2]

  3. Collision attack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collision_attack

    A hash of n bits can be broken in 2 n/2 time steps (evaluations of the hash function). Mathematically stated, a collision attack finds two different messages m1 and m2, such that hash(m1) = hash(m2). In a classical collision attack, the attacker has no control over the content of either message, but they are arbitrarily chosen by the algorithm.

  4. Collision resistance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Collision_resistance

    In words, when given an x, it is not possible to find another x' such that the hashing function would create a collision. A hash function has strong collision resistance when, given a hashing function H, no arbitrary x and x' can be found where H(x)=H(x'). In words, no two x's can be found where the hashing function would create a collision.

  5. Hash function security summary - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash_function_security_summary

    Collisions originally reported in 2004, [13] followed up by cryptanalysis paper in 2005. [19] RadioGatún: Up to 2 608 [20] 2 704: 2008-12-04 For a word size w between 1-64 bits, the hash provides a security claim of 2 9.5w. The attack can find a collision in 2 11w time. [21] RIPEMD-160 2 80: 48 of 80 rounds (2 51 time) 2006 Paper. [22] SHA-0: ...

  6. Hash table - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hash_table

    Hash collision resolved by separate chaining Hash collision by separate chaining with head records in the bucket array. In separate chaining, the process involves building a linked list with key–value pair for each search array index. The collided items are chained together through a single linked list, which can be traversed to access the ...

  7. Data deduplication - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Data_deduplication

    The probability of a collision depends mainly on the hash length (see birthday attack). Thus, the concern arises that data corruption can occur if a hash collision occurs, and additional means of verification are not used to verify whether there is a difference in data, or not. Both in-line and post-process architectures may offer bit-for-bit ...

  8. Salt (cryptography) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Salt_(cryptography)

    The salt and hash are then stored in the database. To later test if a password a user enters is correct, the same process can be performed on it (appending that user's salt to the password and calculating the resultant hash): if the result does not match the stored hash, it could not have been the correct password that was entered.

  9. Birthday attack - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Birthday_attack

    With a birthday attack, it is possible to find a collision of a hash function with % chance in = /, where is the bit length of the hash output, [1] [2] and with being the classical preimage resistance security with the same probability. [2]