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In public health, contact tracing is the process of identifying people who may have been exposed to an infected person ("contacts") and subsequent collection of further data to assess transmission. [ 1 ] [ 2 ] By tracing the contacts of infected individuals, testing them for infection, and isolating or treating the infected, this public health ...
An infection is the invasion of tissues by pathogens, their multiplication, and the reaction of host tissues to the infectious agent and the toxins they produce. [1] An infectious disease, also known as a transmissible disease or communicable disease, is an illness resulting from an infection.
Transmissibility is the probability of an infection, given a contact between an infected host and a noninfected host. [8] Community transmission means that the source of infection for the spread of an illness is unknown or a link in terms of contacts between patients and other people is missing. It refers to the difficulty in grasping the ...
A child is said to "catch" cooties through any form of bodily contact, proximity, or touching of an "infected" person or from a person of the opposite sex of the same age. Often the "infected" person is someone who is perceived as different, due to disability, shyness, being of the opposite sex, or having peculiar mannerisms. [13]
In the first two examples, most healthy unimmunized people become infected, whereas in the bottom example only one fourth of the healthy unimmunized people become infected. Herd immunity (also called herd effect , community immunity , population immunity , or mass immunity ) is a form of indirect protection that applies only to contagious ...
An asymptomatic carrier is a person or other organism that has become infected with a pathogen, but shows no signs or symptoms. [ 1 ] Although unaffected by the pathogen, carriers can transmit it to others or develop symptoms in later stages of the disease.
Infected birds can shed the virus in their saliva, nasal secretions, mucus and feces. People can become infected when the virus particles get into the mouth, nose, eyes or are inhaled, Schaffner said.
is the average number of people infected from one other person. For example, Ebola has an of two, so on average, a person who has Ebola will pass it on to two other people.. In epidemiology, the basic reproduction number, or basic reproductive number (sometimes called basic reproduction ratio or basic reproductive rate), denoted (pronounced R nought or R zero), [1] of an infection is the ...