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There has been a study that suggests antipsychotics are associated with possible cortical reconfiguration and gray matter loss, [19] but correlational data also suggests patients who consume antipsychotics, like people with schizophrenia, tend to engage in unhealthy habits like smoking which may exacerbate gray matter loss.
Drug withdrawal, drug withdrawal syndrome, or substance withdrawal syndrome [1] is the group of symptoms that occur upon the abrupt discontinuation or decrease in the intake of pharmaceutical or recreational drugs. In order for the symptoms of withdrawal to occur, one must have first developed a form of drug dependence.
Such withdrawal effects can include cholinergic rebound, an activation syndrome, and motor syndromes including dyskinesias. These adverse effects are more likely during rapid changes between antipsychotic agents, so making a gradual change between antipsychotics minimises these withdrawal effects. [161]
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Antidepressant withdrawal syndrome [1] Specialty: Psychiatry: Symptoms: Flu-like symptoms, trouble sleeping, anxiety, depression, dissociation, intrusive thoughts, nausea, poor balance, dizziness, sensory changes [2] Usual onset: Within 3 days [2] Duration: Few weeks to months [3] [4] Causes: Stopping of an antidepressant medication [2] [3 ...
It is debated whether the entire antipsychotic drug class causes true physical dependency, a subset, or if none do. [38] But, if discontinued too rapidly, it could cause an acute withdrawal syndrome. [39] When talking about illicit drugs rebound withdrawal, especially with stimulants, it is sometimes referred to as "coming down" or "crashing ...
However, a prolonged and severe withdrawal syndrome can cause profound disability, which may lead to breakdown of relationships, loss of employment, financial difficulties, as well as more serious adverse effects such as hospitalization and suicide. [48] As such, long-term users should not be forced to discontinue against their will. [25]
Antipsychotics are not recommended for benzodiazepine withdrawal (or other CNS depressant withdrawal states) especially clozapine, olanzapine or low potency phenothiazines, e.g., chlorpromazine as they lower the seizure threshold and can worsen withdrawal effects; if used extreme caution is required.