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Several clinical exam findings highly predictive of basilar skull fractures include hemotympanum, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) otorrhea or rhinorrhea, Battle sign (retroauricular or mastoid ecchymosis), and raccoon eyes (periorbital ecchymosis).
Basal skull fracture should be considered in all patients with head injuries, especially those with physical signs such as otorrhea, Battle sign or periorbital ecchymoses.1 The “halo” or “double-ring” sign is a classic image in medicine and was taught as a method for determining whether bloody discharge from the ears or nose contained ...
A halo pattern on a bedsheet produced by bloody otorrhea from a 27-year-old man who had been in a motor vehicle collision. Basal skull fracture should be considered in all patients with head injuries, especially those with physical signs such as otorrhea, Battle sign or periorbital ecchymoses. 1 The “halo” or “double-ring” sign is a ...
Anterior basilar skull fractures are associated with the “racoon eyes” sign, which refers to consequent bruising around the eyes. Additionally, these fractures can cause CSF to leak out through the ears or nose, resulting in the classic “ halo ” sign.
Battle's sign and unilateral blepharohematoma have positive predictive values (PPVs) for skull base fractures of 100 and 90%, respectively. Also, bilateral blepharohematoma (raccoon eyes) and bloody otorrhea were associated with skull base fractures but had a lower PPV of 70%.
Basilar Skull Fracture (BSF) involving one of the five bones that form the base of the skull represents a life-threatening condition with high morbidity and mortality.
Mastoid ecchymosis, also known as Battle sign (C) and periorbital ecchymosis, known as raccoon eyes (D) are both signs concerning for a basilar skull fracture, but are not commonly seen during the acute evaluation as they take 1-3 days to appear.
Basal skull fracture and the halo sign. CMAJ. 2013 Mar 19;185 (5):416. doi: 10.1503/cmaj.120055. Epub 2012 Aug 13. Authors. Ravi Sunder 1 , Kevin Tyler. Affiliation. 1 Department of Emergency Medicine, Royal Inland Hospital, Kamloops, BC. ravi.sunder@utoronto.ca. PMID: 22891200. PMCID: PMC3602259. DOI: 10.1503/cmaj.120055. No abstract available.
A basilar skull fracture is a break of a bone in the base of the skull. [1] . Symptoms may include bruising behind the ears, bruising around the eyes, or blood behind the ear drum. [1] . A cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak occurs in about 20% of cases and may result in fluid leaking from the nose or ear. [1] .
Basal skull fracture should be considered in all patients with head injuries, especially those with physical signs such as otorrhea, Battle sign or periorbital ecchymoses. 1 The “halo” or “double-ring” sign is a classic image in medicine and was taught as a method for determining whether bloody discharge from the ears or nose contained cerebrosp...