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Also from her research, Pavlova states that "The losses of the civilian population of Stalingrad are 32.3% higher than the losses of the population of Hiroshima from the atomic bombing" and that "In Stalingrad, an absolute world record was set for the mass destruction of the civilian population during World War II."
The destruction was monumental and complete, turning Stalingrad into a sea of fire and killing thousands of civilians and soldiers. At least 90% of the housing stock was obliterated during the first week of the bombing, [3] with estimations of some 40,000 killed, [1] possibly as many as 70,000 killed, [3] though these may be exaggerations. [4]
World War II [b] or the Second World War (1 September 1939 – 2 September 1945) was a global conflict between two coalitions: the Allies and the Axis powers. Nearly all of the world's countries participated, with many nations mobilising all resources in pursuit of total war .
Strategic bombing during World War II in Europe began on 1 September 1939 when Germany invaded Poland and the Luftwaffe (German Air Force) began bombing Polish cities and the civilian population in an aerial bombardment campaign. [33] As the war continued to expand, bombing by both the Axis and the Allies increased significantly.
Operation Uranus (Russian: Опера́ция «Ура́н», romanized: Operatsiya "Uran") was a Soviet 19–23 November 1942 strategic operation on the Eastern Front of World War II which led to the encirclement of Axis forces in the vicinity of Stalingrad: the German Sixth Army, the Third and Fourth Romanian armies, and portions of the German Fourth Panzer Army.
1942, clockwise from top left: British artillery barrage opens the Battle of El Alamein; the Jews of Salonika are rounded up for deportation to extermination camps; Soviet troops of the Great Patriotic War fight the Battle of Stalingrad; USS Lexington (CV-2) under fire at the Battle of the Coral Sea; Reinhard Heydrich's car after attack by Czech resistance; 5th SS Panzer Division Wiking troops ...
Friedrich Wilhelm Ernst Paulus (23 September 1890 – 1 February 1957) was a German Generalfeldmarschall (Field Marshal) during World War II who is best known for his surrender of the German 6th Army during the Battle of Stalingrad (July 1942 to February 1943).
This is primarily because the Soviets were so used to shortages and coping with economic crisis in the past, especially during wartime—World War I brought similar restrictions on food. Still, conditions were severe. World War II was especially devastating to Soviet citizens because it was fought on their territory and caused massive destruction.