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If voters are arranged on a sole 1-dimensional axis, such as the left-right political spectrum for a common example, and always prefer candidates who are more similar to themselves, a majority-rule winner always exists and is the candidate whose ideology is most representative of the electorate, a result known as the median voter theorem. [7]
Condorcet winner [Tn 1] Condorcet loser Smith [Tn 1] Smith-IIA [Tn 1] IIA/LIIA [Tn 1] Cloneproof Monotone Participation Later-no-harm [Tn 1] Later-no-help [Tn 1] No favorite betrayal [Tn 1] Ballot type First-past-the-post voting: Yes No No No No No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes No Single mark Anti-plurality: No Yes No No No No No No No Yes Yes ...
An electoral system (or voting system) is a set of rules that determine how elections and referendums are conducted and how their results are determined.. Some electoral systems elect a single winner (single candidate or option), while others elect multiple winners, such as members of parliament or boards of directors.
Approval voting trivially satisfies the majority criterion: if a majority of voters approve of A, but a majority do not approve of any other candidate, then A will have an average approval above 50%, while all other candidates will have an average approval below 50%, and A will be elected.
The majority favorite criterion is a voting system criterion that says that, if a candidate would win more than half the vote in a first-preference plurality election, that candidate should win. Equivalently, if only one candidate is ranked first by a over 50% of voters, that candidate must win.
The classic example of a positional voting electoral system is the Borda count. [1] Typically, for a single-winner election with N candidates, a first preference is worth N points, a second preference N – 1 points, a third preference N – 2 points and so on until the last (N th) preference that is worth just 1 point. So, for example, the ...
When mentioned without A voting system is winner-consistent if and only if it is a point-summing method; in other words, it must be a positional voting system or score voting (including approval voting). [3] [2]
Dodgson's method is an electoral system based on a proposal by mathematician Charles Dodgson, better known as Lewis Carroll.The method searches for a majority-preferred winner; if no such winner is found, the method proceeds by finding the candidate who could be transformed into a Condorcet winner with the smallest number of ballot edits possible, where a ballot edit switches two neighboring ...