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Endothelin 1 (ET-1), also known as preproendothelin-1 (PPET1), is a potent vasoconstrictor peptide produced by vascular endothelial cells, [5] as well as by cells in the heart (affecting contractility) and kidney (affecting sodium handling). [6] The protein encoded by this gene – EDN1 – is proteolytically processed to release endothelin 1.
Endothelin functions through activation of two G protein-coupled receptors, endothelin A and endothelin B receptor (ETA and ETB, respectively). [2] These two subtypes of endothelin receptor are distinguished in the laboratory by the order of their affinity for the three endothelin peptides: the ETA receptor is selective for ET-1, whereas the ETB receptor has the same affinity for all three ET ...
Endothelin 2 (ET-2) is a protein encoded by the EDN2 gene in humans. It was first discovered in 1988 by Yanagisawa and team [5] and belongs to a family of three endothelin peptide isoforms (ET-1, ET-2, ET-3), which constrict blood vessels.
There are at least four known endothelin receptors, ET A, ET B1, ET B2 and ET C, [1] all of which are G protein-coupled receptors whose activation result in elevation of intracellular-free calcium, [2] which constricts the smooth muscles of the blood vessels, raising blood pressure, or relaxes the smooth muscles of the blood vessels, lowering blood pressure, among other functions.
Endothelin receptor type B is a G protein-coupled receptor which activates a phosphatidylinositol-calcium second messenger system. Its ligand, endothelin, consists of a family of three potent vasoactive peptides: ET 1, ET 2, and ET 3. A splice variant, named SVR, has been described; the sequence of the ETB-SVR receptor is identical to ETRB ...
Bennu's icy parent body, perhaps about 60 miles (100 km) in diameter, appears to have formed in the outer solar system and was later destroyed, possibly 1-2 billion years ago.
Endothelin converting enzyme 1, also known as ECE1, is an enzyme which in humans is encoded by the ECE1 gene. [5] [6] [7] Function. Endothelin-converting enzyme-1 is ...
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