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Coal mining in the South Wales Coalfield was a dangerous occupation with lifelong health implications. [15] Between 1849 and 1853, miners over the age of 25 in the Merthyr Tydfil district were found to have a life expectancy of around 20 years lower than in other mining areas of England and Wales. [16]
The last operating deep coal mine in the United Kingdom, Kellingley colliery in North Yorkshire, closed in December 2015. [1] After 2015, most continuing coal mines were collieries owned by freeminers , or open pit mines of which there were 26 in 2014. [ 2 ]
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Nantgarw Colliery (amalgamated with Windsor Colliery in 1974, closed 1986); deepest pit in the South Wales Coalfield when sunk in 1915; Navigation Colliery in Crumlin; Nine Mile Point Colliery at Cwmfelinfach (closed 1964) Oakdale Colliery at Ty Mellyn in the Sirhowy Valley (closed 1989; linked to Markham and Celynen North) Ogilvie Colliery ...
Senghenydd Universal Colliery, site of a major accident in 1913. The coal industry in Wales played an important role in the Industrial Revolution in Wales. Coal mining in Wales expanded in the 18th century to provide fuel for the blast furnaces of the iron and copper industries that were expanding in southern Wales.
During the 1840s, Thomas Brown acquired the rights to sink a mine shaft at the site of a farm known as Tir Nicholas, in the hope of reaching the 'Elled' coal seam. The shaft was sunk to a depth of 130 yards and the colliery set up was originally known as Tir Nicholas Colliery, and later the South Wales Colliery.
Hendrewen (Glenrhondda) Colliery 1899 Glenavon Garw Colliery Co. Blaencwm 1966 434 (1923) Rhondda No. 2, Gorllwyn 78 Lady Lewis Colliery 1904 Lewis MErthyr Consolidated Collieries Co, Ynyshir 1930s 1265 (1923) Two feet Nine, Four feet, Six feet, Nine feet, Red 79 Anthony Colliery (Naval No. 4) 1910 Naval Colliery Co, Tonypandy 1958 Unknown
Markham is a small village in the South Wales Valleys in Caerphilly County Borough, to the northeast of Bargoed. The B4511 road links to Markham from Aberbargoed and joins the A4048 road to the north of Argoed. The Sirhowy River flows to the east of the village. [1] [2] The village's population was around 1,495 people in 2011. [3]