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The origins of the Islamic State group can be traced back to three main organizations. Earliest of these was the " Jamāʻat al-Tawḥīd wa-al-Jihād " ( transl. "The Organisation of Monotheism and Jihad" ) organization, founded by the Jihadist leader Abu Mus'ab al-Zarqawi in Jordan in 1999.
Iran was the first country [2] to pledge assistance to Iraq to fight ISIL, deploying troops in early June 2014 following the North Iraq offensive. [3] [4]President of Iraq Fuad Masum has praised Iran as "the first country to provide weapons to Iraq to fight against the ISIL Takfiri terrorists".
A day later, Al-Qaeda's general command issued a public statement condemning the attacks and officially terminating all relations with the ISIL group. [26] [17] In March 2014, ISIL and Al-Nusra Front fought the Battle of Markada. In parallel, ISIL initiated ground assaults across Deir ez-Zor countryside, which were repelled by Al-Nusra Front ...
The first Islamic State was the political entity established by Muhammad in Medina in 622 CE under the Constitution of Medina. It represented the political unity of the Muslim Ummah (nation). It was subsequently transformed into the caliphate by Muhammad's disciples, who were known as the Rightly Guided ( Rashidun ) Caliphs (632–661 CE).
The Iraqi invasion of Iran in September 1980 was preceded by a long period of tension between the two countries throughout 1979 and 1980, including frequent border skirmishes, calls by Iranian leader Ruhollah Khomeini for the Shia Muslims in Iraq to revolt against the ruling Sunni Ba'ath Party, and allegations of Iraqi support for ethnic separatists in Iran.
Iran's news outlets such as state-owned Press TV use the name "Daesh Takfiri" (see Iran and ISIL). Financial Times chose to stick with ISIS even after the group's name change. [25] Several newspapers published by Metro International such as the Toronto edition sourced from the Toronto Star uses "Daesh". [26]
The Society's cultural center in Tehran became a gathering place for Iranian students and intellectuals in the 1960s, who were drawn by the liberalizing influence of American culture on Iran. A second branch was founded in Isfahan a few years later as well as a third in Mashad. [1] All three centers included English language schools.
[19] al-Baghdadi refused to comply with al-Zawahiri, and ISIL continued to operate in both Iraq and Syria. [16] In February 2014, after eight months of tension, in which ISIL constantly refused to comply with al-Qaeda's demands, al-Qaeda officially disavowed themself from ISIL, and cut all ties with them, beginning their enmity. [20]