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An ophiolite is a section of Earth's oceanic crust and the underlying upper mantle that has been uplifted and exposed, and often emplaced onto continental crustal rocks. The Greek word ὄφις, ophis (snake) is found in the name of ophiolites, because of the superficial texture of some of them. Serpentinite especially evokes a snakeskin.
Bay of Islands Ophiolite in Gros Morne National Park, Newfoundland, named a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1987 because of its superbly exposed complete ophiolite stratigraphic sequence [7] Thetford Mines ophiolite Complex (Thetford Mines, Cantons de l'Est, Québec, Canada) [8] [9] Asbestos ophiolite (Asbestos, Cantons de l'Est, Québec, Canada) [9]
The Samail Ophiolite, also known as the Semail Ophiolite, is a large, ancient geological formation in Oman and the United Arab Emirates in the Arabian Peninsula. [2] It is one of the world's largest and best-exposed segments of oceanic crust , made of volcanic rocks and ultramafic rocks from the Earth's upper mantle that was overthrust onto the ...
The Zambales Ophiolite Complex (also called Zambales Ophiolite) is a large, well-preserved exposure of oceanic crust located in the western portion of Luzon Island, Philippines. [1] It is considered one of the best-preserved and most studied ophiolites , offering valuable insights into the formation and evolution of oceanic crust and the ...
The Dun Mountain Ophiolite is an ophiolite of Permian age located in New Zealand's South Island. Prehistorically this ophiolite was quarried by Māori for both metasomatized argillite and pounamu which was used in the production of tools and jewellery. [2] In the late 1800s, the Dun Mountain ophiolite belt was surveyed for its economic potential.
Blue Ridge Ophiolite is an ultramafic series of pods found in the Blue Ridge Mountains of the Appalachian mountain chain. [1] The pods formed before the Taconic orogeny . [ 1 ] Throughout the middle and late Ordovician period, the rocks were affected by regional metamorphism leading to resulting in altered mineralogy for some pods.
As indicated by the name, the ophiolite is defined by the presence of ultramafic rocks in the California Coast Ranges. Pillow lavas and oceanic basalts are among the most common rocks found within the formation. There are a number of exposures that straddle the ancient Mohorovičić discontinuity.
Taitao ophiolite (Spanish: Ofiolita de Taitao) is an ophiolite in Taitao Peninsula of western Patagonia, Chile. The ophiolite crops out about 10 km w to the east of the Peru-Chile Trench and 50 km to the south of Chile Triple Junction —two features to which it is related.
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